Week 8

Question 1

List the classification of burns.

Answer 1

• epidermal burns = involves the dermis
• superficial partial thickness = involves the epidermis and dermis
• mid dermal partial thickness - epidermis and dermis
• deep partial thickness = deep into the dermis
• full thickness = epidermis and dermis is destroyed

Question 2

What is the Wallace rule of nines?

Answer 2

• it is how burns are assess.

- is measured through total burn surface area percentage.

Question 3

In the Wallace rule of nines, it measures the total body surface area. How is this divided up and list the values of these areas.

Answer 3

• head =9%
• leg (whole) = 18%
• trunk (front) = 18 %
• trunk (back) = 18%
• perineum = 1%
• hand (including fingers) = 1%

Question 4

What is the formula when dealing with fluid resuscitation to a burns patient?

Answer 4

• 4mls/kg x %TBSA x pre-burn body weight (in kg) = volume in mls

Question 5

After we have worked out the amount required for fluid resus in a burns pt how is this delivered?

Answer 5

We will give the pt 50% of the required amount in the 1st 8hrs.

• 25% in the 2nd 8hrs post burn
• 25% in the 3rd 8hrs post burn.

Question 6

The incidence of burns injuries in Aust/NZ 1999-2004 is:
A) 460 admissions
B) 4,600 admissions
C) 46,000 admissions

Answer 6

The incidence of burns injuries in Aust/NZ 1999-2004 is:
A) 460 admissions
B) 4,600 admissions
C) 46,000 admissions*

Question 7

True or False

The classifications of burns injuries is superficial, partial thickness and full thickness.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Complete the following statement.

We use the rule of nines TBSA% to…..

Answer 8

We use the rule of nines TBSA% to be able to estimate the amount of burns a patient has sustained

Question 9

List 3 local effects of a burn.

Answer 9

• zone of coagulation
• zone of stasis
• zone of hyperaemia

Question 10

Name 3 systemic effects of a burn

Answer 10

• cardiovascular
• respiratory
• metabolic
• immunological

Question 11

What is the fluid criteria for fluid resuscitation in an adult and a child?

Answer 11

Adult-15% TBSA

Child -10% TBSA

Question 12

What is the care of a burns pt?

Answer 12

Emergency - remove pt from danger, stop the burning process (under water 20minutes, analgesia given
Airway- O2 therapy for all pts, monitor for obstructions
Breathing- monitor for signs and symptoms of dyspnoea, pulmonary oedema and tachypnoea
Circulation- fluid resuscitation
Minimise hyperthermia and hyperkalaemia
Dressing burns area

Question 13

The incidence of burns injuries in Australia/NZ 1999-2004 is?
A) 460 admissions
B) 4,600 admissions
C) 46,000 admissions

Answer 13

A) 460 admissions
B) 4,600 admissions
C) 46,000 admissions*

Question 14

What are the 5 methods of burns prevention?

Answer 14

• education
• keep matches and lighters away from children
• replace batteries in smoke detectors
• set hot water to temperature no higher than 50*
• use caution when cooking

Question 15

The aim of pre-hospital care is?

Answer 15

To reduce the occurrence of preventable death and disability associated with trauma

Question 16

What is the A-E for burns pts?

Answer 16

Airway/breathing= consider the need for intubation
Circulation= fluid replacement
Disability= monitor GCS and possible causes for lowering GCS
Exposure= fluid loss

Question 17

what is the treatment of circumferential burns?

Answer 17

Escarotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat full-thickness (third-degree) circumferential burns.

Question 18

what are the local effects of major burns?

Answer 18

• zone of coagulation
• zone of sepsis
• zone of hyperaemia (increased blood flow to tissues)

Question 19

There are 2 phases of care for a pt who has a burn injury. What is this?

Answer 19

• immediate care

- care provided within the 1st 24 hrs

Question 20

What is the criteria for fluid resuscitation?

Answer 20

adults -more than 15% TBSA

children - more than 10% TBSA

Question 21

What is the care for a pt with a burn injury?

Answer 21

Emergency care = remove pt from danger, 
-stop the burning process, 
-run under water for 20 minutes, 
-provide adequate analgesia
Airway = monitor for obstructions
-O2 therapy
Breathing = monitor for signs and symptoms of: 
-dyspnoea
-tachypnoea
-pulmonary oedema
Circulation = fluid resus
Minimisation of hypothermia and hyperkalaemia
Burns dressing application