Week 8

Question 1

DRO Differential Reinforcement of Other

Answer 1

Reinforcement contingent on complete absence of behaviour for a period of time

Question 2

DRH differential Reinforcement of High Rate

Answer 2

Behaviour is reinforced only if occurs at least a specified number times in a given period

Question 3

DRL differential reinforcement of Low Rate

Answer 3

Behaviour reinforced only if occurs NO More than specified number times in period

Question 4

Differential reinforcement

Answer 4

Operant training where some behaviours reinforced, others not

Question 5

DRA differential reinforcement of alternative behaviour

Answer 5

Desired replacement behaviour reinforced while undesired behaviour extinguished

Question 6

DRI differential reinforcement of Incompatible behaviour

Answer 6

Behaviour incompatible w unwanted behaviour is reinforced

Smiling incompatible w frowning

Question 7

DRC differential reinforcement of Communication

Answer 7

Communication response reinforced to replace problematic behaviour

(Child screams for attention vs politely ask for attention)

Question 8

Resurgence

Answer 8

Reappearance during extinction of previously reinforced behaviour

(Try other behaviours that got them benefit in past, first behaviour reoccurs after second one extinguished)

Question 9

Solution to Resurgence

Answer 9

• larger intermittent reinforcement schedule

- additional extinction sessions where alternate beh can’t occur

Question 10

Single Stimulus Assessment

Answer 10

Potential reinforcers presented individually, most preferred option picked

Question 11

Paired stimulus assessment

Answer 11

Potential reinforcers presented in pairs, percentage of selections picked

Question 12

Multiple stimulus Assessment

Answer 12

All reinforcers presented and first ones picked-strongest

Question 13

DNRA differential Negative reinforcement of Alternate Behaviour

Answer 13

Student engaging in problem behaviour being asked to do schoolwork, freaks out, he escapes schoolwork and sits by himself.

Question 14

Ratio strain

Answer 14

Stretch schedule of reinforcement too far, too quickly

Question 15

Antecedent control procedures

Answer 15

Manipulating controlling stimuli in environment to increase desirable behaviours/decrease undesirable behaviours
(Walking different way home to avoid Tim hortons store)

Question 16

Conditioned Aversive Stimulus (Save)

Answer 16

Stimulus that signals aversive event

escape/avoidance

Question 17

Unconditional Aversive Stimulus

Answer 17

Stimulus organism escapes/avoids

Also called Primary Aversive Stimulus
Dodo birds never had to avoid humans, didnt run away-extinct for food

Question 18

Overcorrection

Pos Punishment

Answer 18

Person engages in effortful behaviour contingent on prob behaviour

Question 19

Restitution

Pos Punishment

Answer 19

Fix environment disrupted by prob beh

Question 20

Positive Practice

Pos Punishment

Answer 20

Engage in correct forms of relevant beh for period of time

Question 21

Guided Compliance

Pos Punishment

Answer 21

Physically guiding to comply w request

Question 22

Contingent Exercise

Pos Punishment

Answer 22

Engage in effortful beh unrelated to prob beh

Clean room to avoid studying

Question 23

Physical Restraint 
(Pos Punishment)

Answer 23

Body part involved in behaviour is held immobile for period of time

Question 24

Response blocking

Pos Punishment

Answer 24

Physically stopping behaviour from being completed

Question 25

Time-Out | Neg Punishment

Answer 25

Needs to prevent access to reinforcer maintaining prob behaviour

Question 26

Response Cost | Neg Punishment

Answer 26

Contingent on problem behaviour, Specified amount of reinforcer is removed (Conditioned Punisher= Speeding ticket, taking away toys, internet access)

Question 27

Punishing procedure need to be combined w ———- procedures to b effective

Answer 27

Positive Reinforcement

Question 28

Premack Principle

Answer 28

High probability beh reinforces low-probability behaviour

Question 29

Premack Relativity of Punishment

Answer 29

Low-prob behaviour punishes high-probability behaviour

Question 30

Escape learning

Answer 30

Operant changes environment where a negative reinforcer is present to one where it is absent Conditioning escape easiest when operant is similar to reflexive (UR) behaviour elicited by aversive stimulus

Question 31

Avoidance learning

Answer 31

Operant prevents occurrence of an aversive stimulus

Question 32

Discriminated Avoidance

Answer 32

When presence of (Save) controls probability of making avoidance response

Question 33

Non-discriminated Avoidance

Answer 33

Avoidance responding with no (Save) to produce discrimination, needs neg reinforcement occasionally

Question 34

Stereotypic behaviour

Answer 34

Repetitive beh doesn’t serve any social function (self-stimulatory beh)

Question 35

IRT- inter-response time

Answer 35

Response time between beh

Question 36

``` Functional interventions (Extinction, differential reinforcement, antecedent control) ```

Answer 36

Decrease prob beh and increase desired beh by modifying the antecedent and consequent variables that control the behaviours.

Question 37

Bruxism

Answer 37

Grinding teeth to point of damage

Question 38

Rumination

Answer 38

Immediately after eating, regurgitates food back into mouth