Week 8 - Tourism and Travel Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
1.
What is the approximate length of the Icon of the Seas?2.
a) 700 ft b) 1,200 ft c) 1,500 ft d) 2,000 ft
A
b) 1,200 ft
2
Q
.
What is the name of the suite featured in the video?5.
a) The Ultimate Family Townhouse b) The Royal Suite c) The Icon Loft Suite d) The Sky Class Suite
A
c) The Icon Loft Suite
3
Q
What is the dress code for the Empire Supper Club?8.
a) Casual b) Smart Casual c) Formal d) Theme-based
A
c) Formal
4
Q
Which exclusive restaurant is available to guests staying in the Suite Neighborhood?11.
a) Coastal Kitchen b) Hooked Seafood c) Aumi Sushi d) Windjammer
A
a) Coastal Kitchen
5
Q
What is the name of the world’s largest pool at sea, located on the Icon of the Seas?14.
a) The Flow Rider b) The Royal Bay c) Swimming Tonic d) The Hideaway Pool
A
b) The Royal Bay
6
Q
Which of the following food venues in Central Park is NOT an upcharge?17.
a) Aumi Sushi b) Chops Grill c) Bubbles Bar d) Pearl Cafe
A
d) Pearl Cafe
7
Q
.
What is the name of the Icon of the Seas’ six-month-old Chief Dog Officer?20.
a) Spot b) Rover c) Fido d) Scout
A
b) Rover
8
Q
What is the name of the new neighborhood specifically designed for younger families?23.
a) Thrill Island b) Chill Island c) The Hideaway d) Surfside
A
d) Surfside
9
Q
What is the approximate cost of the Ultimate Family Townhouse per week?26.
a) $36,000 b) $80,000 c) $77,000 d) $4,000
A
b) $80,000
10
Q
Where is the Aquadome Market located?29.
a) Deck 7 b) Deck 8 c) Decks 14 and 15 d) Deck 16
A
c) Decks 14 and 15
11
Q
On which deck is the Hideaway located?32.
a) Deck 5 b) Deck 12 c) Deck 15 d) Deck 17
A
c) Deck 15
12
Q
How much cheaper was the Icon of the Seas booking through a different website?35.
a) $1,000 b) $2,000 c) $3,000 d) Over $4,000
A
d) Over $4,000
13
Q
What was the “dollar gap” after World War II?2.
a) The difference in value between the U.S. dollar and European currencies b) The amount of money the United States spent on foreign aid c) The difference between the value of goods and services the U.S. exported and imported d) The amount of money American tourists spent abroad
A
c) The difference between the value of goods and services the U.S. exported and imported
14
Q
.
How did Juan Trippe, president of Pan American Airways, propose to address the dollar gap?5.
a) Increase American imports of European goods b) Devalue the U.S. dollar to make American goods more affordable c) Encourage American tourists to spend money abroad d) Provide loans to European countries to buy American products
A
c) Encourage American tourists to spend money abroad
15
Q
According to the article, how did American tourism function in relation to the Marshall Plan?8.
a) It served as a private adjunct to the Marshall Plan, bolstering European economies through tourist spending. b) It undermined the Marshall Plan by diverting funds away from official aid programs. c) It had no significant relationship to the Marshall Plan. d) It competed with the Marshall Plan for congressional funding.
A
a) It served as a private adjunct to the Marshall Plan, bolstering European economies through tourist spending.
16
Q
What did travel boosters argue was a key advantage of tourism over increasing U.S. imports to address the dollar gap?11.
a) Tourism would have a more direct impact on European economies. b) Tourism was seen as beneficial to all countries involved, unlike increasing imports which could harm domestic industries. c) Tourism would expose Americans to European culture and foster greater understanding. d) Tourism was a more effective way to promote American values abroad.
A
b) Tourism was seen as beneficial to all countries involved, unlike increasing imports which could harm domestic industries.
17
Q
How did the Cold War influence American tourism?14.
a) It had no significant impact on American tourism. b) It led to a decrease in tourism as Americans were afraid to travel abroad. c) It promoted tourism to communist countries as a way to spread American values. d) It encouraged tourism to Western Europe as a way to strengthen alliances and contain the spread of communism.
A
d) It encouraged tourism to Western Europe as a way to strengthen alliances and contain the spread of communism.
18
Q
Why did some American tourists experience guilt about their spending power abroad?17.
a) They felt they were not getting good value for their money. b) They were concerned about the environmental impact of their travels. c) They were uncomfortable with the economic disparities between themselves and the local populations. d) They were worried about being perceived as arrogant and insensitive.
A
c) They were uncomfortable with the economic disparities between themselves and the local populations.
19
Q
What anxieties did American tourists face in relation to tipping and bargaining in foreign countries?20.
a) They were afraid of offending locals with excessively generous tips. b) They were uncertain about local customs and worried about being cheated or appearing foolish. c) They felt pressured to bargain aggressively to secure the best prices. d) They disliked having to tip and bargain, preferring fixed prices and straightforward transactions.
A
b) They were uncertain about local customs and worried about being cheated or appearing foolish.
20
Q
.
How did some European locals view the influx of American tourists and their dollars?23.
a) They uniformly welcomed American tourists and appreciated their contribution to the economy. b) They expressed mixed feelings, with some resenting the displays of wealth and perceived arrogance of some tourists. c) They were indifferent to American tourists, viewing them as simply another source of income. d) They actively discouraged American tourism, fearing its negative impact on local culture.
A
b) They expressed mixed feelings, with some resenting the displays of wealth and perceived arrogance of some tourists.
21
Q
What was the “travel gap”?26.
a) The difference in the number of tourists traveling to and from the United States b) The difference between the amount of money spent by American tourists abroad and the amount spent by foreign tourists in the United States c) The disparity in the quality of tourist facilities in the United States and Europe d) The difference in the cultural experiences offered to tourists in the United States and abroad
A
b) The difference between the amount of money spent by American tourists abroad and the amount spent by foreign tourists in the United States
22
Q
What is the main economic rationale behind the increasing popularity of all-inclusive resorts in Asia?2.
a) The resorts offer cultural immersion experiences for tourists. b) The resorts provide luxurious accommodations at affordable prices. c) The resorts appeal to both customers and hospitality providers due to their predictable pricing structure. d) The resorts cater specifically to business travellers.
A
c) The resorts appeal to both customers and hospitality providers due to their predictable pricing structure.
22
Q
How did the U.S. government respond to the balance-of-payments deficit and travel gap in the 1960s?
a) They imposed restrictions on American travel abroad. b) They devalued the U.S. dollar to make American goods more competitive. c) They reduced the duty-free allowance for goods purchased abroad by American tourists and sought to attract more foreign tourists to the United States. d) They implemented a travel tax on Americans going abroad.
A
c) They reduced the duty-free allowance for goods purchased abroad by American tourists and sought to attract more foreign tourists to the United States.
23
Q
Which ancient civilisation is credited with influencing the origins of both seaside living and spa culture?5.
a) Greek b) Egyptian c) Roman d) Persian
A
c) Roman
24
Where and when did the modern concept of the all-inclusive, party-focused enclosed resort originate?8.
a) 1930s Britain, with Butlin's holiday camps b) 1950s France, with Club Med c) 1960s United States, with Disneyland d) 1970s Caribbean, with Sandals Resorts
b) 1950s France, with Club Med
25
What economic concept does the all-inclusive resort model address, according to Adam Tooze?11.
a) The law of supply and demand b) The tragedy of the commons c) The sunk cost fallacy d) The holdup problem
d) The holdup problem
26
How does the all-inclusive model mitigate the holdup problem in the context of resort vacations?14.
a) By offering discounts on activities and amenities booked in advance b) By providing guests with transportation vouchers to access local businesses c) By establishing a fixed price for all services, eliminating the risk of price gouging d) By allowing guests to cancel their reservations without penalty
c) By establishing a fixed price for all services, eliminating the risk of price gouging
27
According to the source, what is a potential criticism of the all-inclusive resort model?17.
a) It encourages unsustainable tourism practices. b) It can perpetuate racialized stereotypes and limit cultural exchange. c) It primarily benefits large corporations rather than local communities. d) It offers a homogenized experience that lacks authenticity.
b) It can perpetuate racialized stereotypes and limit cultural exchange
28
According to proponents of the all-inclusive model, what is a key economic benefit for the communities where resorts are located?20.
a) Increased investment in local infrastructure b) Preservation of cultural heritage c) Job creation due to the larger scale of the tourism business d) Reduced reliance on foreign investment
c) Job creation due to the larger scale of the tourism business
29
Following World War II, the U.S. government implemented the Marshall Plan to address economic challenges in Europe. Which of the following BEST describes the primary goal of the Marshall Plan?
a) To promote American tourism as a means of supporting European economies. b) To establish a system of fixed exchange rates tied to the U.S. dollar to stabilize global currencies. c) To provide financial aid to Western European nations to facilitate their economic recovery and contain the spread of communism. d) To encourage European governments to devalue their currencies to make their exports more competitive in the global market.
c) To provide financial aid to Western European nations to facilitate their economic recovery and contain the spread of communism.
30
In the context of all-inclusive resorts, the "holdup problem" describes a challenge faced by both consumers and businesses. Which of the following scenarios BEST illustrates the holdup problem?
a) A family arrives at a resort only to find that the advertised amenities are not available. b) Tourists hesitate to book an all-inclusive vacation because they worry that the resort will raise prices for food and drinks once they arrive, leaving them with no alternative options. c) Local businesses in a resort town struggle to compete with the all-inclusive resorts, which offer a wider range of services at a lower price. d) Travellers find that the quality of service at an all-inclusive resort is lower than expected because staff are overwhelmed by the large number of guests.
b) Tourists hesitate to book an all-inclusive vacation because they worry that the resort will raise prices for food and drinks once they arrive, leaving them with no alternative options.
31
What contributed to the increase of cruise passengers since 1980?2.
a) A decrease in air travel b) The popularity of the TV show "The Love Boat" c) The increase of wealthy passengers d) Cruises becoming more luxurious
b) The popularity of the TV show "The Love Boat"
32
How do cruise lines keep ticket prices low?5.
a) They avoid paying taxes. b) They pay their employees low wages. c) They achieve economies of scale through large ships. d) They only sail short distances.
c) They achieve economies of scale through large ships.
33
What environmental benefit do newer megaships offer?8.
a) They have a smaller environmental footprint per passenger. b) They run entirely on renewable energy sources. c) They are made from recycled materials. d) They do not produce any waste.
a) They have a smaller environmental footprint per passenger.
34
What is a disadvantage of larger cruise ships?11.
a) They are more expensive to operate. b) They are less stable in rough seas. c) They are restricted in where they can sail. d) They are less attractive to passengers.
c) They are restricted in where they can sail.
35
How have cruise lines addressed the limitations of large ships?14.
a) By building smaller ships for specific destinations b) By lobbying governments to expand ports c) By leasing their own private islands near popular cruise routes d) By offering discounts for passengers willing to travel to smaller ports
c) By leasing their own private islands near popular cruise routes
36
What financial challenges has the cruise industry recently faced?17.
a) A decline in passenger numbers b) Increased competition from airlines c) Inflation and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic d) Rising fuel prices
c) Inflation and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
37
How have some cruise lines tried to cut costs?20.
a) By reducing the number of staff on board b) By offering smaller portion sizes in their restaurants c) By eliminating onboard entertainment options d) By charging extra for shore excursions
b) By offering smaller portion sizes in their restaurants
38
What event marked the beginning of commercial flight's transition from an exclusive luxury to a mainstream mode of transportation?2.
a) The first passenger flight by Wilbur Wright b) The establishment of DELAG, the world's first airline c) The introduction of the Lawson C-2, a multi-engine airplane designed for passenger transport d) The operation of the first international passenger flight by Qantas
c) The introduction of the Lawson C-2, a multi-engine airplane designed for passenger transport
39
4.
What were some of the challenges faced by passengers during the early years of commercial flight, before the widespread adoption of pressurized cabins?5.
a) Limited flight routes and infrequent departures b) Lack of in-flight entertainment and amenities c) Noise, cold temperatures, and frequent turbulence d) Strict baggage allowances and security procedures
c) Noise, cold temperatures, and frequent turbulence
40
How did the Douglas DC-3 contribute to the growth and popularity of commercial flight in the 1930s?8.
a) It was the first aircraft to offer transatlantic flights. b) It introduced luxury features like sleeping berths and fine dining. c) Its speed, reliability, and passenger capacity made it a preferred choice for major airlines. d) It was primarily used for airmail delivery, connecting distant cities.
c) Its speed, reliability, and passenger capacity made it a preferred choice for major airlines.
41
What innovation introduced by Pan Am in the late 1940s revolutionised passenger comfort during air travel?11.
a) Lie-flat seats in first class b) In-flight entertainment systems c) Pressurized cabins d) Personalized air vents and lighting
c) Pressurized cabins
42
.
What characterized the "Golden Age of Air Travel" in the 1950s and 1960s?14.
a) Focus on safety and security following World War II b) The emergence of budget airlines catering to price-conscious travellers c) The rapid expansion of jet engine aircraft and lavish in-flight services d) The introduction of online booking platforms and travel agencies
c) The rapid expansion of jet engine aircraft and lavish in-flight services
43
How did Laker Airways differentiate itself from traditional airlines in the 1960s, paving the way for the budget travel model?17.
a) By focusing on domestic flights, avoiding the complexities of international travel b) By partnering with hotels and tour operators to offer package deals c) By reducing in-flight services and finding innovative ways to lower fuel consumption d) By utilizing smaller, more fuel-efficient aircraft to reduce operating costs
c) By reducing in-flight services and finding innovative ways to lower fuel consumption
44
What was the impact of the Boeing 747 on the affordability of air travel?20.
a) It introduced supersonic travel, significantly reducing flight times. b) It popularized long-haul flights, connecting continents more efficiently. c) Its larger capacity enabled airlines to transport more passengers, leading to reduced ticket prices. d) It standardized safety features, making air travel more secure and appealing to a wider audience.
c) Its larger capacity enabled airlines to transport more passengers, leading to reduced ticket prices.
45
What security measures were implemented at airports in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks?23.
a) The use of sniffer dogs for detecting explosives b) Increased scrutiny of passengers and restrictions on non-ticketed individuals in secure areas c) The introduction of full-body scanners and advanced imaging technology d) The establishment of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
b) Increased scrutiny of passengers and restrictions on non-ticketed individuals in secure areas
46
How did the rise of online booking websites in the 2000s influence the travel industry?26.
a) It allowed airlines to offer personalized travel recommendations to customers. b) It facilitated the growth of loyalty programs and reward points systems. c) It empowered travellers to book flights and accommodations independently, increasing competition in the market. d) It streamlined the process of obtaining travel visas and other required documentation.
c) It empowered travellers to book flights and accommodations independently, increasing competition in the market.
47
Which factor contributed to the challenging and expensive nature of early commercial flights?5.
a) Lack of interest from passengers b) Limited availability of pilots c) Unpressurized cabins necessitating frequent landings d) Competition from railways
c) Unpressurized cabins necessitating frequent landings
48
What was the significance of the Douglas DC-3 in the development of commercial flight?8.
a) It was the first aircraft to feature a pressurized cabin. b) It was a larger, faster, and more reliable aircraft that increased passenger capacity. c) It was primarily used for military purposes during World War II. d) It marked the beginning of the jet engine era in aviation.
b) It was a larger, faster, and more reliable aircraft that increased passenger capacity.
49
Which airline is credited with introducing the first pressurized cabin on a commercial aircraft?11.
a) Qantas b) TWA c) Pan Am d) Delta
c) Pan Am
50
.
What major development in commercial aviation occurred during the 1950s and 1960s?14.
a) The introduction of supersonic aircraft b) The rise of budget airlines c) The widespread adoption of jet engine aircraft d) Increased security measures following the 9/11 attacks
c) The widespread adoption of jet engine aircraft
51
Which airline is recognized as one of the pioneers of budget air travel?17.
a) Pan Am b) EasyJet c) Laker Airways d) Southwest Airlines
c) Laker Airways
52
.
What impact did the Boeing 747 have on the affordability of air travel?20.
a) It reduced flight times significantly, making travel more convenient. b) It introduced luxury amenities, attracting a wealthier clientele. c) It allowed airlines to carry more passengers, leading to lower ticket prices. d) It was the first aircraft to offer in-flight entertainment options.
c) It allowed airlines to carry more passengers, leading to lower ticket prices.
53
.
What significant change in airport security occurred after the events of 9/11?23.
a) Introduction of body scanners b) Restriction on non-ticketed individuals accompanying passengers to the gate c) Mandatory baggage checks for all passengers d) Implementation of the TSA PreCheck program
b) Restriction on non-ticketed individuals accompanying passengers to the gate
54
What technological advancement in the 2000s contributed to the growth of the travel industry?26.
a) The introduction of in-flight Wi-Fi b) The rise of online booking websites c) The development of mobile travel apps d) The implementation of electronic boarding passes
b) The rise of online booking websites
55
According to the source, what are the two key factors necessary for a successful tourism industry?2.
a) Technological advancements and political stability b) Natural beauty and cultural attractions c) Prosperity and security d) Accessibility and affordability
c) Prosperity and security
56
How did the Roman Empire contribute to the development of early tourism?5.
a) By constructing extensive road networks connecting distant regions b) By promoting cultural exchange through organised tours for citizens c) By establishing a vast and secure empire, allowing citizens to travel freely within its borders d) By documenting travel experiences in detailed itineraries and guidebooks
c) By establishing a vast and secure empire, allowing citizens to travel freely within its borders
57
.
What was the primary purpose of the Grand Tour undertaken by young English gentlemen in the 17th century?8.
a) To pursue academic research and scholarly studies in foreign universities b) To gain worldly experience and establish social connections before assuming leadership roles c) To document architectural marvels and artistic masterpieces for the benefit of society d) To engage in trade and commerce, fostering economic ties with European nations
b) To gain worldly experience and establish social connections before assuming leadership roles
58
0.
How did the financial system support the Grand Tour during a time of potential conflict between nations?11.
a) Governments provided subsidies to encourage travel and cultural exchange. b) Wealthy families pooled resources to reduce individual travel expenses. c) Banks established international networks to facilitate access to funds for travellers abroad. d) Merchants offered credit to travellers, accepting repayment upon their return.
c) Banks established international networks to facilitate access to funds for travellers abroad.
59
Who is credited with pioneering organised group tours in the 19th century, taking advantage of the expanding railway system?14.
a) George Pullman b) Isambard Kingdom Brunel c) Thomas Cook d) Henry Ford
c) Thomas Cook
60
.
What innovation introduced by Thomas Cook Travel addressed the financial concerns of travellers?17.
a) Travel insurance policies to protect against unforeseen circumstances b) Prepaid accommodation vouchers to guarantee lodging at fixed rates c) Traveller's cheques, providing a secure and convenient alternative to carrying large amounts of cash d) Currency exchange services offering competitive rates for foreign transactions
c) Traveller's cheques, providing a secure and convenient alternative to carrying large amounts of cash
61
What event led to the British government taking control of Thomas Cook Travel during World War II?20.
a) The company's financial struggles due to wartime travel restrictions b) The need to coordinate troop movements and wartime logistics c) The German occupation of Belgium, where the company had been sold d) The British government's nationalisation of the railway system
c) The German occupation of Belgium, where the company had been sold
62
What factors contributed to the decline of Thomas Cook Travel in the late 20th and early 21st centuries?23.
a) Increased competition from government-subsidised national airlines b) Changing travel preferences, with a shift towards independent backpacking adventures c) The rise of the internet and the ease of online booking, combined with the challenges of privatisation d) Economic recessions and a decrease in disposable income for leisure travel
c) The rise of the internet and the ease of online booking, combined with the challenges of privatisation
63
.
What was the primary limitation of the first regular paid commercial flight in 1914?2.
a) Lack of public interest and demand for air travel b) Government regulations and restrictions on air commerce c) Limited passenger capacity, allowing only one passenger per flight d) The high cost of fuel and maintenance, making it economically unviable
c) Limited passenger capacity, allowing only one passenger per flight
64
.
How did World War I significantly influence the advancement of commercial aviation?5.
a) It accelerated technological innovation in aircraft design and production due to military demands. b) It resulted in the establishment of international agreements and regulations for air travel. c) It led to the formation of pilot training schools and the standardization of aviation practices. d) It created a surplus of aircraft and trained personnel that could be readily adapted for civilian use.
a) It accelerated technological innovation in aircraft design and production due to military demands.
65
What was a defining characteristic of the Boeing Clipper 314 that set it apart from earlier aircraft?8.
a) Its ability to take off and land on both water and land b) Its luxurious accommodations, including bedrooms, dining rooms, and a bar c) Its use of jet engines, enabling faster and more efficient travel d) Its capacity to carry cargo, making it suitable for both passenger and freight transport
b) Its luxurious accommodations, including bedrooms, dining rooms, and a bar
66
What impact did the introduction of jet engines have on commercial aviation after World War II?11.
a) It increased the frequency of flights, allowing for more departures and arrivals. b) It improved fuel efficiency, reducing the cost of air travel. c) It significantly expanded the range of flight routes, enabling longer distances to be covered. d) It enhanced safety measures, resulting in fewer accidents and incidents.
c) It significantly expanded the range of flight routes, enabling longer distances to be covered.
67
How did the Boeing 747 transform the infrastructure of airports around the world?14.
a) It necessitated the construction of larger terminals to accommodate increased passenger volume. b) It required the extension of runways and the development of specialized boarding gates to handle its size. c) It led to the implementation of advanced navigation systems and air traffic control procedures. d) It spurred the development of ground transportation networks to connect airports with city centres.
b) It required the extension of runways and the development of specialized boarding gates to handle its size.
68
What is a current concern regarding the environmental impact of air travel?17.
a) The depletion of fossil fuels due to the high fuel consumption of aircraft b) The noise pollution generated by aircraft, particularly during takeoff and landing c) The potential effects on the ozone layer and climate change due to emissions. d) The disruption of wildlife habitats caused by airport construction and flight paths.
c) The potential effects on the ozone layer and climate change due to emissions.
69
1.
What marked the beginning of passenger cruise ships where the voyage itself was part of the attraction?2.
a) The establishment of transatlantic routes for mail and passenger delivery in the early 1800s. b) The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's introduction of predetermined cruise routes in 1844. c) The development of larger and faster steamships in the mid-19th century. d) The rise of luxury ocean liners like the Mauritania and Lusitania in the early 20th century.
b) The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's introduction of predetermined cruise routes in 1844.
70
How did Samuel Cunard's Canard Line revolutionize transatlantic travel in the early 1900s?5.
a) By offering affordable passage to European immigrants seeking a new life in North America. b) By introducing large, luxurious steamships like the Mauritania and Lusitania that emphasized speed and opulence. c) By pioneering the use of wireless communication for navigation and passenger safety. d) By establishing regular scheduled departures and arrivals, improving the reliability of transatlantic voyages.
b) By introducing large, luxurious steamships like the Mauritania and Lusitania that emphasized speed and opulence.
71
.
What made the Titanic, built by the White Star Line, stand out even among other luxury liners of its time?8.
a) Its superior speed and efficiency, promising the fastest transatlantic crossing ever achieved. b) Its advanced safety features, including a double-hulled design and an increased number of lifeboats. c) Its unprecedented level of luxury and amenities, including a gymnasium, a library, swimming pools, and opulent cabins. d) Its focus on providing comfortable and affordable passage for third-class passengers.
c) Its unprecedented level of luxury and amenities, including a gymnasium, a library, swimming pools, and opulent cabins.
72
What was the primary reason behind the sinking of the Titanic?11.
a) Mechanical failure of the ship's engines and steering systems. b) Severe storms and rough seas encountered during the voyage. c) A collision with an iceberg despite warnings received through wireless communication. d) Sabotage by rival shipping companies seeking to undermine the White Star Line's dominance.
c) A collision with an iceberg despite warnings received through wireless communication.
73
What led to the decline of transatlantic passenger ship voyages starting in the 1960s?14.
a) A shift in public perception that viewed air travel as safer and more reliable. b) Increased competition from other shipping companies offering more affordable fares. c) The rise of jet airplanes, which provided faster and more convenient transatlantic travel options. d) Economic recessions that reduced the demand for luxury travel and leisure activities.
. c) The rise of jet airplanes, which provided faster and more convenient transatlantic travel options.
74
.
How did the cruise ship industry adapt to the decline in transatlantic voyages?17.
a) By focusing on shorter, regional cruises catering to families and budget-conscious travellers. b) By transforming cruise ships into floating resorts that emphasized onboard entertainment and activities. c) By partnering with airlines to offer package deals that combined air travel with cruise vacations. d) By diversifying into cargo transport and other maritime services to supplement revenue streams.
b) By transforming cruise ships into floating resorts that emphasized onboard entertainment and activities.
75
According to the source, what contributed significantly to the popularization of cruise ship vacations among a wider audience?20.
a) Aggressive marketing campaigns that highlighted the affordability and accessibility of cruise travel. b) The popularity of the television show "The Love Boat," which portrayed cruises as enjoyable and attainable experiences. c) The development of new cruise destinations in exotic locations like the Caribbean and Alaska. d) The introduction of themed cruises that catered to specific interests like music, history, or cuisine.
b) The popularity of the television show "The Love Boat," which portrayed cruises as enjoyable and attainable experiences.
76
How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the cruise ship industry?23.
a) It accelerated the development of new safety protocols and hygiene standards for cruise ships. b) It encouraged the industry to focus on smaller, more intimate cruise experiences with fewer passengers. c) It led to a temporary shutdown of the industry due to outbreaks and concerns about virus transmission. d) It prompted a shift towards sustainable practices and eco-friendly cruise operations.
c) It led to a temporary shutdown of the industry due to outbreaks and concerns about virus transmission.
77
What historical factors contributed to the development of modern resort hotels? a) The decline of seaside towns and the rise of urban tourism. b) The tradition of seaside living dating back to the Romans, the emergence of spas, and the rise of paid holidays. c) The invention of the automobile and the development of highways. d) The growth of international travel and the decline of domestic tourism.
b) The tradition of seaside living dating back to the Romans, the emergence of spas, and the rise of paid holidays.
78
What company is credited with pioneering the concept of the modern all-inclusive resort? a) Butlin's holiday camps b) Club Med c) Heiligendamm d) The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company
b) Club Med
79
How does the all-inclusive model address the "holdup problem" in economics? a) By offering discounts and promotions to attract a larger customer base. b) By investing heavily in local infrastructure and creating job opportunities. c) By providing a fixed price upfront, eliminating the risk of inflated prices for services within the resort. d) By creating a sense of exclusivity and luxury that justifies higher prices.
c) By providing a fixed price upfront, eliminating the risk of inflated prices for services within the resort.
80
What are some of the economic benefits of all-inclusive resorts for the communities they are located in? a) They promote cultural exchange and understanding between tourists and local residents. b) They generate tourism revenue and create job opportunities. c) They encourage the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. d) They support local businesses and suppliers by sourcing goods and services locally.
. b) They generate tourism revenue and create job opportunities.
81
What are some of the criticisms levelled against all-inclusive resorts? a) They fail to provide a genuine cultural experience for tourists. b) They often create an isolated "bubble" for tourists, limiting their interaction with and economic contribution to the local community. c) They contribute to environmental damage and the exploitation of natural resources. d) All of the above.
b) They often create an isolated "bubble" for tourists, limiting their interaction with and economic contribution to the local community.
82
11.
According to the source, what is the primary driver behind the growth of the global all-inclusive resort market? a) The increasing affordability of air travel, making exotic destinations more accessible. b) The rising demand for luxury and personalized travel experiences. c) The expanding middle class in countries like China, leading to a surge in global tourism. d) The growing popularity of sustainable and eco-conscious travel options.
c) The expanding middle class in countries like China, leading to a surge in global tourism.
83
.
Which region has the highest concentration of all-inclusive resorts? a) Asia b) Europe c) The Caribbean d) North America
c) The Caribbean
84
.
What is the main idea of the excerpt (Latin America pdf)? a) Ecotourism is a flawless solution to conservation and development challenges in Latin America. b) Ecotourism has been uniformly successful across Latin America, generating substantial economic benefits and environmental protection. c) Despite challenges and limitations, ecotourism offers a promising approach to conservation and development in Latin America, often proving a better alternative to other forms of land use and economic activity. d) Ecotourism has had negligible impact on Latin American economies and ecosystems, failing to live up to its initial promise.
. c) Despite challenges and limitations, ecotourism offers a promising approach to conservation and development in Latin America, often proving a better alternative to other forms of land use and economic activity.
85
Who is credited with popularising the term "ecotourism"? a) Nicolas Hetzer b) Gerardo Budowski c) Hector Ceballos-Lascuráin d) José Figueres
c) Hector Ceballos-Lascuráin
86
What event is credited with ushering in the era of "sustainable development" and influencing the rise of ecotourism? a) The establishment of the Galápagos National Park in 1959. b) The designation of the Galápagos Islands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978. c) The publication of the Brundtland Report ("Our Common Future") in 1987. d) The creation of the Galápagos Marine Reserve in 1998.
c) The publication of the Brundtland Report ("Our Common Future") in 1987.
87
According to the excerpt, what are some of the potential benefits of ecotourism for local communities? a) Diversifying income sources, reducing dependence on environmentally harmful activities like mining or logging. b) Creating jobs and generating revenue through tourism. c) Promoting cultural preservation and revitalisation through tourism-related activities. d) All of the above.
d) All of the above.
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Which of the following is NOT a criticism of ecotourism discussed in the excerpt? a) Ecotourism leads to a decline in domestic tourism, as local residents are displaced by the influx of international visitors. b) Ecotourism can be a form of "greenwashing," with some operations failing to deliver on their promises of environmental and social responsibility. c) The influx of tourists can lead to environmental damage, such as the introduction of invasive species or depletion of resources. d) Ecotourism can create an isolated "bubble" for tourists, limiting their genuine interaction with local communities and cultures.
(a) Ecotourism leads to a decline in domestic tourism, as local residents are displaced by the influx of international visitors.
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What is the significance of the Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica in the context of ecotourism? a) It is home to the country's largest international airport, making it a major hub for tourism. b) It exemplifies how ecotourism can contribute to reforestation and protect biodiversity, acting as a buffer against more environmentally damaging activities like palm oil production. c) It is the site of a large-scale resort development project that has raised concerns about overtourism and the displacement of local communities. d) It is a region where ecotourism has failed to gain traction, as traditional industries like gold mining and cattle ranching continue to dominate the economy.
. b) It exemplifies how ecotourism can contribute to reforestation and protect biodiversity, acting as a buffer against more environmentally damaging activities like palm oil production.
90
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How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect ecotourism in Latin America? a) It led to a surge in demand for sustainable and nature-based travel experiences. b) It exposed the vulnerability of the industry's reliance on international tourism and highlighted the importance of ecotourism for conservation funding. c) It resulted in a permanent shift towards domestic tourism, as international travel became increasingly restricted. d) It accelerated the development of new ecotourism destinations, as countries sought to diversify their economies away from traditional industries.
b) It exposed the vulnerability of the industry's reliance on international tourism and highlighted the importance of ecotourism for conservation funding.
91
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According to the excerpt, what is one way to mitigate the risks of overtourism in popular ecotourism destinations? a) Banning international tourism altogether and focusing solely on domestic visitors. b) Implementing visitor limits and management controls, such as those used in the Galápagos Islands and in community-based ecotourism partnerships in Peru. c) Shifting entirely to a high-value, low-density tourism model, catering exclusively to wealthy tourists who can afford to pay premium prices. d) Encouraging the development of large-scale all-inclusive resorts that can accommodate a high volume of tourists without impacting surrounding areas.
b) Implementing visitor limits and management controls, such as those used in the Galápagos Islands and in community-based ecotourism partnerships in Peru.
92
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the rise of passenger cruise ships in the 19th century? a) The development of steam ships allowing for faster and more reliable transatlantic travel. b) Increased demand for leisure travel among the wealthy elite seeking luxurious voyages. c) The widespread availability of commercial air travel making ocean voyages more accessible to the middle class. d) The establishment of regular mail delivery routes creating opportunities for passenger transport.
c) The widespread availability of commercial air travel making ocean voyages more accessible to the middle class.
93
According to Adam Tooze, what economic principle explains the popularity of the all-inclusive resort model? a) The "holdup problem," where consumers are hesitant to commit to a purchase due to uncertainty about potential price increases later. b) The "sunk cost fallacy," where individuals continue investing in a venture even when it's not profitable because they've already invested heavily. c) The "law of supply and demand," where the price of a good or service is determined by the interaction of its availability and consumer demand. d) The "Pareto principle," which suggests that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, highlighting the importance of focusing on key factors for success.
a) The "holdup problem," where consumers are hesitant to commit to a purchase due to uncertainty about potential price increases later.
94
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What was the primary reason for the British government's takeover of Thomas Cook Travel during World War II? a) To ensure the smooth operation of travel services for essential wartime personnel and logistics. b) To nationalize key industries as part of the war effort to consolidate resources and production. c) To prevent a British company from being controlled by a hostile power after the German occupation of Belgium. d) To promote domestic tourism as a way to support the economy and boost morale during the war.
c) To prevent a British company from being controlled by a hostile power after the German occupation of Belgium.
95
Which of the following statements about the impact of the Boeing 747 on the aviation industry is NOT supported by the sources? a) The 747's size and capacity led to significant reductions in the cost of air travel, making it more affordable for a wider range of people. b) The introduction of the 747 necessitated the redesign and expansion of airport infrastructure worldwide to accommodate its scale. c) The 747's fuel efficiency quickly made the use of older jet aircraft like the Boeing 707 obsolete in most commercial aviation contexts. d) The 747 marked a major shift in the scale and luxury of air travel, transforming the passenger experience with amenities like larger cabins and more comfortable seating.
c) The 747's fuel efficiency quickly made the use of older jet aircraft like the Boeing 707 obsolete in most commercial aviation contexts.
96
How has the concept of tourism as a tool for economic development evolved since the mid-20th century? a) Early models focused solely on economic growth, but later approaches emphasized the importance of sustainability, community benefits, and environmental protection. b) Initial efforts targeted traditional societies, aiming to integrate them into global markets, while current trends focus on promoting tourism in developed economies to diversify income sources. c) The emphasis has shifted from promoting mass tourism to attract large numbers of visitors to encouraging niche tourism markets that cater to specific interests and minimize environmental impact. d) Both a and c.
d) Both a and c.
97
Which of the following describes a significant challenge to the ecotourism industry in the post-COVID-19 era, as highlighted in the sources? a) A decline in interest in nature-based travel experiences as tourists prioritize urban destinations and cultural attractions. b) An increase in restrictions on international travel, making it more difficult for tourists to visit ecotourism destinations. c) The need to balance economic recovery with the long-term sustainability of ecotourism, ensuring responsible management and conservation efforts. d) A lack of investment in ecotourism infrastructure, as governments and businesses prioritize more profitable sectors like traditional tourism and mass-market resorts.
c) The need to balance economic recovery with the long-term sustainability of ecotourism, ensuring responsible management and conservation efforts.
98
What is the “dollar gap” as discussed in source?14.
a) It refers to the shortage of U.S. dollars in other countries in the post-World War II era. b) It represents the difference in wages between American workers and those in war-devastated Europe. c) It signifies the lack of American investment in European reconstruction efforts after the war. d) It describes the gap in economic development between the U.S. and European nations.
a) It refers to the shortage of U.S. dollars in other countries in the post-World War II era.
99
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Why were American tourists seen as a potential solution to the dollar gap, as described in sources and?17.
a) American tourists were known for their generosity and willingness to donate to European charities. b) American tourists provided skilled labour to help rebuild war-torn European economies. c) American tourists brought U.S. dollars with them to spend abroad, thus injecting much-needed currency into European economies. d) American tourists stimulated demand for European goods in the U.S., boosting export markets.
c) American tourists brought U.S. dollars with them to spend abroad, thus injecting much-needed currency into European economies.
100
2.
Based on information in the sources, what is the name of the new activity on the cruise ship Icon of the Seas, described in source?23.
a) The Pearl b) The Staten Island Spritz c) Absolute Zero d) The Crown’s Edge
d) The Crown’s Edge
