Week 9 & 10 (Consciousness)

Question 1

Beta Bands

Answer 1

13-24 CPS
Normal waking thoughts, problem solving

Question 2

Alpha bands

Answer 2

8-12 CPS
Deep relaxation, blank mind, meditation

Question 3

Theta bands

Answer 3

4-7 CPS
Light sleep

Question 4

Delta bands

Answer 4

Less than 4 CPS
Deep sleep

Question 5

Chronotype

Answer 5

Optimal time to fall asleep according to circadian rhythm

Question 6

Jet Lag adjustment times

Answer 6

East: a day for each time zone
West: Two thirds of a day per each time zone

Question 7

Electromyograph (EMG)

Answer 7

Records muscular activity and tension

Question 8

Electrooculohtaph (EOG)

Answer 8

Records eye movements

Question 9

Hypnic jerks

Answer 9

brief muscular con-tractions that occur as people fall asleep, generally occur during stage 1 drowsiness

Question 10

Sleep Spindles

Answer 10

brief bursts of higher-frequency brain waves
during stage 2 of sleep

Question 11

How many times is the sleep cycle repeated per one night?

Answer 11

4 times

Question 12

Newborn sleep cycle

Answer 12

REM (50%) and nREM sleep only

Question 13

REM portion of sleep for adults

Answer 13

20%

Question 14

ascending reticular activating system (ARAS)

Answer 14

consists of the afferent fibres running through the reticular formation that influence physiological arousal.

Question 15

benzodiazepine sedatives

Answer 15

insomnia treatment
originally developed to relieve anxiety,

Question 16

non- benzodiazepine sedatives

Answer 16

insomnia treatment
designed primarily for sleep problems

Question 17

manifest content

Answer 17

consists of the plot of a dream at the surface level

Question 18

latent content

Answer 18

consists of the plot of a dream at the surface level

Question 19

Theories of dreaming

Answer 19

wish fulfillment
problem solving
activation synthesis

Question 20

hypnotic effects

Answer 20

anesthesia
sensory distortions and hallucinations
disinhibition

Question 21

focused attention meditation

Answer 21

attention is concentrated on a specific object, image, sound, or bodily sensation (such as breathing).

Question 22

open monitoring

Answer 22

attention is directed to the contents of one’s moment-to-moment experience in a nonjudgmental and nonreactive way

Question 23

loving kindness meditation

Answer 23

first developing love and compassion for oneself and then broaden this love to more “unlikeable” others

Question 24

Psychoactive drug

Answer 24

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioural functioning.

Question 25

six categories of psy- choactive drugs

Answer 25

opioids, sedatives, stimulants, hallucinogens, cannabis, and alcohol.

Question 26

opioids

Answer 26

natural or synthetic substances that are capable of relieving pain

Question 27

opiates

Answer 27

derived from the opium poppy

Question 28

sedatives

Answer 28

sleep-inducing drugs that tend to decrease central nervous system (CNS) activation and behavioural activity

Question 29

Stimulants

Answer 29

drugs that tend to increase cen-tral nervous system activation and behavioural activity.

Question 30

Hallucinogens

Answer 30

a diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning, marked most prominently by distor-tions in sensory and perceptual experience

Question 31

Cannabis

Answer 31

the hemp plant from which mari-juana, hashish, and THC are derived.

Question 32

Alcohol

Answer 32

a variety of beverages con-taining ethyl alcohol

Question 33

Factors Influencing Drug Effects

Answer 33

user’s age, mood, motivation, personality, previous experience with the drug, body weight, and physi- ology. the dose and potency of a drug, the method of administration, and the setting in which a drug is taken

Question 34

Stimulant overdose

Answer 34

heart attack, stroke, or cortical seizure.

Question 35

Depressants overdose

Answer 35

respiratory system usually grinds to a halt, producing coma, brain damage, and death within a brief period

Question 36

Sleep Stage 1

Answer 36

Brief transition stage of light sleep, lasting a few (1-12) minutes ▫ Breathing and heart rate slow, muscle tension and body temp. decline, hypnic jerks ▫ Alpha waves > theta waves

Question 37

Sleep Stage 2

Answer 37

30-60 min ▫ Heart rate, muscle tension, and body temp. continue declining ▫ Sleep spindles

Question 38

Sleep Stage 3

Answer 38

30 minutes ▫ High amplitude, low-frequency delta waves are prominent

Question 39

REM sleep

Answer 39

a deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, high-frequency brain waves, and dreaming During the course of sleep, REM periods gradually get longer and NREM periods get shorter and shallower.