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GEOG 2P08 > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

What percentage of global GDP did tourism contribute in 2023?

A

9%

This equates to approximately US $9.9 trillion.

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2
Q

How many jobs were generated by tourism in 2023?

A

Over 320 million jobs

According to the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC).

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3
Q

What is the primary definition of tourism?

A

Activities of a special category of travelers.

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4
Q

What is one characteristic of the tourism industry?

A

It is one of the world’s largest industries.

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5
Q

What does tourism rely heavily on?

A

The natural environment and climate conditions.

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6
Q

What is the projected economic contribution of tourism in 2024?

A

$11.1 trillion

This would generate one in every ten dollars worldwide.

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7
Q

Who is Julia Simpson?

A

WTTC President & CEO.

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8
Q

List the key stakeholders in tourism.

A
  • Tourism Businesses
  • Destinations
  • Tourists
  • Local communities
  • Tourism NGOs
  • Government Agencies and Regulatory Bodies
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9
Q

What are some observed changes due to climate change?

A
  • Atmosphere and oceans are warming
  • Volume of snow and ice is diminishing
  • Sea levels are rising
  • Ocean acidity is increasing
  • Weather patterns are changing
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10
Q

What are the political impacts of climate change?

A
  • Greater conflicts in some communities
  • Reduced food security
  • Reduced water availability
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11
Q

What are the economic impacts of climate change?

A
  • Increased operational costs
  • Increase in unemployment
  • Economic losses
  • More expensive insurance
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12
Q

What does the push and pull theory of tourist motivation refer to?

A

Pull factors are present at the destination, push factors are from the origin countries.

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13
Q

How does climate change affect tourist behavior?

A

It alters destination’s pull factors and affects visitors’ willingness to travel.

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14
Q

What challenges do Mediterranean regions face due to climate change?

A
  • Heat waves
  • Prolonged droughts
  • Wildfires
  • Rising sea levels
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15
Q

What percentage of European travelers are adapting their behavior to the climate crisis?

A

76%

According to a survey by the European Travel Commission (ETC).

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16
Q

By what percentage are ski seasons projected to shorten by 2050?

A

Between 13% and 22%.

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17
Q

What is the projected risk for Europe’s ski resorts under global warming of 2C?

A

53% to 98% at very high risk for snow supply.

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18
Q

What is the Northwest Passage?

A

A sea route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic.

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19
Q

What is extinction tourism?

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A

Tourism focused on endangered species, such as elephants and polar bears.

20
Q

What operational challenges does tourism face due to climate change?

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A
  • Water scarcity
  • Damage to infrastructure
  • Increased costs
  • Health and safety concerns
21
Q

What is one way ski operators can adapt to climate change?

Study These Flashcards
A

Relocate to higher elevations.

22
Q

What are Emission Control Areas (ECAs)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Areas designed to reduce atmospheric pollutants from ships.

23
Q

What is the forecast for CO2 emissions from tourism by 2030?

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A

Forecasted to increase by 25% from 2016 levels.

24
Q

Define carbon intensity.

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A

The volume of emissions relative to a specific unit of economic activity.

25
What are the three scopes of carbon emissions?
* Scope 1: Direct emissions from operations * Scope 2: Indirect emissions from purchased electricity * Scope 3: Indirect emissions in the value chain
26
What is carbon neutrality?
The balance between emitting and offsetting emissions.
27
What does net zero emissions apply to?
Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions.
28
What was launched on November 4, 2021, related to climate change in tourism?
The Glasgow Declaration on Climate Change in Tourism.
29
How many organizations have become signatories to the Glasgow Declaration?
Over 850 organizations.
30
What is the goal of the Glasgow Declaration regarding emissions by 2030?
To halve emissions by 2030 and reach Net Zero as soon as possible.
31
What is the Glasgow Declaration on Climate Change in Tourism?
Launched on November 4, 2021, at COP26, it is a commitment by organizations to address climate change in tourism.
32
What is the global commitment outlined in the Glasgow Declaration?
To halve emissions by 2030 and reach Net Zero as soon as possible before 2050.
33
What is required from signatories within 12 months of joining the Glasgow Declaration?
Deliver climate action plans and implement them.
34
What are the five pathways of the Glasgow Declaration?
* Measure * Decarbonise * Regenerate * Collaborate * Finance
35
How often must signatories report on their progress?
Annually.
36
What is a key component of the Decarbonization Action Framework?
Strategies for accommodation in tourism.
37
What are some implementation challenges in achieving net-zero targets?
* Defining long-term net-zero targets * Selecting the right initiatives * Measurement across the company and value chain * High costs and lack of financial resources * Lack of leadership support * Lack of knowledge * Inconsistency of measurement and reporting methodologies
38
What is a specific challenge in setting emissions boundaries for accommodations?
Determining what to include, such as external laundry services and F&B supply.
39
How do different business models affect emissions assignment?
Different actors like hotel owners, operators, and franchisees may have different emissions.
40
What is the impact of local infrastructure on Scope 2 emissions?
The potential to reduce Scope 2 emissions by switching to renewable energy depends on local energy infrastructure.
41
What are the implications of climate change for tourism?
* Tourism demand * Destination competitiveness * Economic viability of the sector
42
Who is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change?
Tourism-dependent businesses and communities.
43
What urgent measures are needed in response to climate change in tourism?
Adaptation and mitigation measures.
44
What role do supranational organizations play in climate action for tourism?
Organizations like WTTC and UNWTO play an important role.
45
True or False: Limiting tourism growth is essential for decarbonization in tourism.
True.
46
Fill in the blank: Without reorganizing global tourist flows, _______ in tourism will be difficult to achieve.
decarbonization

GEOG 2P08 (12 decks)

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