Week 9 - 8 principals

Question 1

what are the 8 principals?

Answer 1

陰yīn 陽yáng
裏Interior 表Exterior
虛Deficiency 實Excess
寒Cold 熱Heat

Question 2

How do you begin evaluating

Answer 2

• looking,
• feeling,
• asking, and
• listening-smelling

Question 3

Why do we call 8 principals pattern identification?

Answer 3

Eight Principles  is the 
foundation  for other 
methods  of pattern 
identification.  Nothing 
falls outside of these eight. 
However, these eight are 
not specific enough  to be 
used alone clinically.

Question 4

Types of interior issues

Answer 4

• Interior means organs, bones, etc.
• Can be hot or cold, deficiency or excess.
• interior excess heat
• interior deficiency heat
• interior excess cold
• interior deficiency cold

Question 5

What is interior excess?

Answer 5

An interior excess means something is there
that shouldn’t be there, an evil or an
accumulation is present.

Question 6

What is interior deficiency?

Answer 6

An interior deficiency means insufficient qì,

blood, fluids, yīn, or yáng (right qì)

Question 7

What will not happen when there are interior patterns?

Answer 7

hot and cold will not happen simultaneously. cold in cold, heat in hot, but not together (that is symptomatic of exterior issues)

Question 8

what occurs during interior excess heat? How is it caused?

Answer 8

A heat evil is present, causing:
• feverish feeling, no chills, (heat makes patient hot)
• sweating, (heat steams the fluids out)
• thirst, (heat damages fluids)
• full rapid pulse, (heat speeds things up. Full pulse means excess.)
• red face, red tongue with yellow coat, (heat makes things red, like a burn. It also darkens the tongue coat.)
• plus symptoms of the affected organ
—-
It is caused by eating hot-natured food, emotional
excess, qì stagnation, or an exterior evil moving
inward.
• This is also called yáng excess.
Treatment Principle: Clear heat.
• Simple example: Someone who drinks a lot of
alcohol and eats hot spicy greasy food.

Question 9

What happens when you have both fever and chils?

Answer 9

• Fever is from the defense qì fighting against the evil
invader. The battle is hot.
Simultaneous fever and chills: If the patient puts on a sweater, he feels hot. If he takes it off, he feels cold. Or he may not like the feeling of air on his skin because he feels unprotected. He cannot get his body to feel a comfortable temperature
• Chills are because, while defense is fighting the evil,
it cannot take care of its other function of warming
the surface. In addition, the patient feels vulnerable
to attack, so he wants to stay covered up

Question 10

What is a floating pulse?

Answer 10

In a floating pulse, all the qì moves to the surface
of the pulse because in the body, the battle is
happening on the surface (the exterior).

Question 11

What is the exterior?

Answer 11

• The exterior means the skin, flesh, channels,
defense qì, sometimes the lungs as they manage the
exterior.
• The lungs manage defense qì and the skin, so
they are the most exterior of the organs
• Many skin problems are actually interior.
Example: blood heat causing rashes

Question 12

What are the 2 types of exterior invasions?

Answer 12

• external invasion: wind invades through the
skin and pores and carries other evils with it
• channel problems: the channels are still quite
exterior when compared to the organs

Question 13

What is interior deficiency cold?

Answer 13

yáng is insufficient, causing:
• chilliness, cold limbs, (not enough yáng to warm the patient)
• no thirst, (no damage to fluids)
• listlessness, (lack of yáng means no movement, no excitement)
• spontaneous sweating, loose stools, clear abundant urine, (no heat to transform fluids and food, no yáng to hold pores shut)
• deep slow weak pulse, (deep is interior, weak is deficiency, cold slows down activity)
• pale face, pale tongue, thin white coat. (If heat makes redness, cold makes paleness. Thin coat means deficiency. Dull means unnourished)

Question 14

How do you treat interior deficiency cold?

Answer 14

• This is yáng deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Fortify yáng and warm
coldness

Question 15

What is straight treatment?

Answer 15

Straight treatment 正治: The principle of treatment
whereby the nature and pathomechanism are addressed
directly, as when:
• a cold pattern is treated with hot herbs
• and a hot pattern is treated with cold herbs,
• or when deficiency patterns are treated by supplementing
• or excess patterns are treated by attacking or draining

Question 16

What is paradoxical treatment

Answer 16

Paradoxical  treatment 反治: The non-
routine principle  of treating false signs 
with herbs of the same nature, for 
example: 
• treating heat with heat, 
• cold with cold, and 
• excessive  flow by promoting  flow

Question 17

what is true heat false cold?

Answer 17

In true heat-false cold, the interior is so hot that all
the yīn (cold) is pushed to the exterior. (It starts with
yīn deficiency. As yīn becomes weaker and weaker, it
gets pushed to the surface, so it becomes visible. But
the patient is really hot inside. These symptoms of
cold are false because they do not reflect what is
going on inside.

Question 18

what is true cold false heat?

Answer 18

In true cold-false heat, the interior is so cold that all
the yáng (heat) is pushed to the exterior. (It starts
with yáng deficiency. As yáng becomes weaker and
weaker, it gets pushed to the surface, so it becomes
visible. But the patient is really cold inside. These
symptoms of heat are false because they do not
reflect what is going on inside.

Question 19

What is the nature of heat and cold?

Answer 19

• heat: see above, yáng excess or yīn deficiency
• cold: see above, yīn excess or yáng deficiency

A person can have both at the same time, for example,
• cold on the exterior and heat on the interior or vice
versa,
• or they can have heat above and cold below.

Question 20

What is Yin deficiency?

Answer 20

Same as deficiency heat. Insufficient yin to cool and nourish the body. Symptoms worse in evening - night physiology relies on yin. If yin is weak, phsyio can’t keep up at night.

Question 21

What is Yang deficiency?

Answer 21

same as deficiency cold