WEEK 9 - Intelligence 3&4 Flashcards
How many forms of Wechsler IQ scales are there according to age?
3.
- WPPSI (young children: 2yrs 6 months, 7yrs 3 months): WPPSI-IV
- WISC: Children/young: 6-16yrs: WISC-V
- WAIS: Adults, 16-89 yers: WAIS-IV
What 4 scales are covered in WAIS IV?
- Verbal comprehension index scale (VCI)
- Perceptual reasoning index scale (PRI)
- Working memory index scale (WMI)
- Processing Speed index scale (PSI)
What is involved in verbal comprehension subtests?
- Similarities
- Vocabulary
- Information
What is involved in perceptual reasoning subtests?
- Block design
- Matrix reasoning
- Visual puzzles
What is involved with working memory subtests?
- Digit span
- Forward, backward, sequencing - Arithmetic
What is involved in processing speed subtests?
- Symbol search
2. Coding
How are scores interpreted in the WAIS?
- WAIS Standardisation group
Mean
SD
Standardisation
Norms
How are scores calculated in the WAIS?
- Raw scores from each test are converted to scaled scores by using the norms obtained from the standardisation group
- To obtain VCI, WMI, PRI and PSI IQ scores, the scaled scores of the subtests are summed and compared to the standardisation sample.
FULL SCALE IQ: obtained by adding all index scores together
What defines an intellectual disability as define in DSM-V?
Range of cognitive abilities
1) Significant deficits in intellectual functioning (IQ - 70)
2) Concurrent deficits or impairments in adaptive functioning
3) Onset in the developmental period
What may be the cause of intellectual disabilities?
- Genetic
- Biological
- Environmental
How is severity of intellectual disability determined?
- On the basis of adaptive functioning and not IQ
- Adaptive functioning determines levels of support necessary
- Also IQ scores are less valid at the low end
- Mild
- Moderate
- Severe
- Profound
What are some examples of conceptual skills in adaptive skills?
- Communication
- Functional Academics
- Self direction
What is social in relation to adaptive skills?
Leisure
Social interaction
What is practical in relation to adaptive skills?
- Community use
- Home living
- Health and safety
- Self-care
What does it mean for someone to be ‘gifted’?
- Can reflect academic, musical, social, or athletic ability
- Associated with IQs over 130
What are the associated stereotypes of gifted people?
- Physically weak
- Mentally unstable
- Reclusive/eccentric
- Compensation - talent in one area is accompanied by a deficit in another
What are characteristics of gifted people?
Terman, 1921
- Above average height, strength, emotional maturity and other variables as children
Gross (1999)
- IQ 160+ found it could lead to social isolation in school and reiterated the need for gifted school programs
What are Renzulli’s 3 intersection components of true giftedness?
- Exceptional intelligence in specific domain
- exceptional motivation
- Exceptional creativity
What is creativity?
The ability to produce valued outcomes in a vowel way
- May be linked to divergent thinking (the ability to genera in given situation
Sternberg includes ________ in his triarchic model. Although is it generally considered to be ______ to intelligence
Creativity
Separate
What is psychometrics in relation to IQ?
- Starts with a theory
- Design test
- Measure constructs
- Statistics check
Measures of _______ were developed first. They evolved to fit measures of ______.
intelligence
Science
Name the criticisms of an IQ test.
- Lack of theoretical bases (no underlying construct was used to devise tests
- Cultural bias
- Ecological validity - what skills are IQ tests measuring?
- What will predict performance? Aptitude vs IQ interviews
Do IQ scores predict real-world outcomes?
- Popular tools for job selection
Weiten (2004):
‘People who score high on IQ tests are more likely than those who score low to end up in high status jobs’ - Good predictors of future school performance
- School performance = certain jobs.
- g and job performance correlations are weak
- More practical forms of intelligence may be more appropriate
