Week 9 - Reproductive System

Question 1

What are some relevant nursing actions?

Answer 1

• Urethral catheterisation
• Urinalysis, urine collection
• Fluid balance chart
• Blood pressure assessment, recording
• Perineal care.

Question 2

Name the three male reproductive accessory organs (glands)

Answer 2

• Seminal Vesicle (2)
• Prostate (1)
• Bulbo -Urethral (2)

Question 3

Identify how the prostate gland can be examined digitally

Answer 3

Per rectum (pr) digital examination

Question 4

What is the function of Epididymis?

Answer 4

Coiled tubules that sit on top of the testes

Question 5

What is the function of Seminiferous?

Answer 5

Tightly coiled tubules that produce sperm

Question 6

What is the function of Cremaster Muscle?

Answer 6

Elevates testes to maintain their correct temperature

Question 7

What is the function of Sperm?

Answer 7

Composed of a head, body and tail

Question 8

What is the function of Testes?

Answer 8

Structure that produces sperm and testosterone

Question 9

What is the function of Prepuce?

Answer 9

Piece of skin that is circumcised

Question 10

What is the function of Corpus Cavernosa?

Answer 10

Erectile tissue that makes up most of the penis

Question 11

What is the function of Corpus Spongiosum?

Answer 11

Erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra

Question 12

What is the function of Intersitial?

Answer 12

Cells that secrete testosterone

Question 13

Name the uterine layer that sloughs off during menses

Answer 13

Functional layer of endometrium

Question 14

Describe how a sperm or microorganism could enter the pelvic cavity

Answer 14

No anatomical continuity between end of uterine tube and ovary

Question 15

Describe the medical aim of a PAP smear

Answer 15

Scrape of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelial cells from cervix for detection of cancer cells

Question 16

Describe the location of the corpus luteum

Answer 16

Ovary

Question 17

Describe the composition of the corpus luteum

Answer 17

Lipid (cholesterol)

Question 18

Describe the function of the corpus luteum

Answer 18

• Produce steroid hormones
• Oestrogen stimulates rebuilding of endometrium
• Progesterone stimulates thickening of endometrium

Question 19

Describe how taking a contraceptive pill high in oestrogen and progesterone would influence a women’s ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycle

Answer 19

• Release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary would be switched off
• Ovarian cycle would cease

Question 20

Females that are underweight often cease having menstrual cycles (amenorrhea). Briefly discuss the endocrine connection between body fat, the brain and the uterine (menstrual) cycle and the implications for pregnancy

Answer 20

• Adipose secretes leptin
• If leptin is low, hypothalamus will shut off ovarian cycle by not releasing gonadotropin releasing hormone

Question 21

The prostate encircles the prostatic urethra like a doughnut. Describe how an enlarged prostate would disrupt the flow of urine from the bladder

Answer 21

• Dysuria
• Urinary retention

Question 22

Describe the three boundaries of the female perineum

Answer 22

• Pubic symphysis
• Ischial tuberosities
• Coccyx

Question 23

Looking at the figure above, describe why you think a pregnant woman may feel the need to micturate frequently

Answer 23

• Enlarged uterus will place pressure on urinary bladder

Question 24

In the second year of this nursing program you will be taught how to insert a catheter into the urethra of a female patient. Place in the correct anatomical order (numbering 1 to 4) the following structures that are found within the perineum, starting from anterior to posterior

Answer 24

1 - Clitoris
2 - Urethral meatus
3 - Vaginal Orifice
4 - Anus

Question 25

List six statements about reproduction.

Answer 25

- Meiosis takes place in the seminiferous tubules - Two ductus deferens link the scrotum with the pelvic cavity - Pampiniform plexus reduces the temperature of arterial blood in the testes - Uterine tubes are not attached to the ovaries - Urethral meatus is anterior to the vaginal orifice - Functional layer of endometrium is shed every menses

Question 26

The vitamin folate (‘leaf’, folic acid if synthetically produced) functions as a coenzyme in DNA and protein synthesis and mitosis. Consequently, the need for folate increases anywhere cells are growing and dividing e.g., pregnancy. Like vitamin B12, the absorption of folate into the body is dependent on a functioning digestive tract. This is especially important for folate since a deficiency means the epithelial cells of the intestinal lining will not be replaced (4-to-5-day turnover) and other nutrients will not be absorbed. 1. Identify the option that contains the richest sources of folate

Answer 26

- Broccoli - Spinach - Asparagus - Avocado - Oranges - Bananas - Legumes

Question 27

The delivery of a baby includes a vaginal or caesarean birth. However, a vaginal delivery is preferred due to the seeding of the baby’s microbiota from the mothers ______. Beyond delivery, breast feeding is recommended due to the ______ present in human breast milk that have been tailored by nature to nourish the baby’s microbiota. Baby formula is an industrially constructed ultra processed ‘product’ that should only be considered if breast feeding is not an option

Answer 27

Vagina; oligosaccharides