Week 9: urinary system

Question 1

types of congenital diseases for kidneys

Answer 1

• Horshoe
• Agenesis (missing)
• Ectopic
• polycystic kidneys
• Ureterocele
• Wilms

Question 2

4 causes of obstruction in kidneys

Answer 2

renal stones
stenosis
hyrdronephrosis
masses (cysts/tumours)

Question 3

Polycystic kidneys
- signs
-

Answer 3

• Hypertension and Spenomegaly + varices.

with IV contrast it will be striated.
Non con- smooth appearance.

X-ray may show distended stomach.

Question 4

Is CT or MRI preferable for imaging of kidney

Answer 4

CT better for pathology.

mir can be used to determine renal function.

Question 5

What is Ureterocele

Answer 5

distal ballooning of ureter

causing bladder in sac

Question 6

how do you diagnose stones

Answer 6

• CT Non-con
• Dual energy CT. allows distinguish between stones.

this is advantageous. as treatment differs for uric and cysteine stones.

(uric stones can be chemically dissolved)
(Cysteine must be removed)

Question 7

What is bosniak system

Answer 7

used to class renal cysts. 
after 2f should be checked