Week one Psychological Assessment (HON403)-Introduction to psychological testing

Question 1

What are psychological constructs?

Answer 1

Psychological constructs are abstract concepts inferred from observable behaviors.

Question 2

What is the primary difference between testing and assessment in psychology?

Answer 2

Testing uses standardized instruments to measure psychological constructs, while assessment is a broader process involving tests, interviews, and observations.

Question 3

Who pioneered statistical methods to measure human traits?

Answer 3

Francis Galton

Question 4

Which psychologist developed the first intelligence scale?

Answer 4

Alfred Binet

Question 5

What is the name of the intelligence scale created by Lewis Terman?

Answer 5

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

Question 6

Who developed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale?

Answer 6

David Wechsler

Question 7

List the clinical importance of psychological testing.

Answer 7

• Diagnose disorders
• Guide treatment

Question 8

What are the educational purposes of psychological testing?

Answer 8

• Placement
• Identification of learning disabilities

Question 9

How is psychological testing used in vocational settings?

Answer 9

To inform employment decisions

Question 10

What role does psychological testing play in research?

Answer 10

To measure psychological traits and test hypotheses

Question 11

What are the steps involved in psychological test construction?

Answer 11

• Define the construct
• Develop items
• Pilot testing
• Standardization

Question 12

What does standardization ensure in psychological testing?

Answer 12

Consistent administration and interpretation of results

Question 13

Define reliability in the context of psychological testing.

Answer 13

Consistency of test results

Question 14

What are the types of reliability in psychological tests?

Answer 14

• Test-Retest
• Internal Consistency
• Inter-Rater

Question 15

Define validity in psychological testing.

Answer 15

Accuracy in measuring what the test intends to measure

Question 16

What are the types of validity in psychological tests?

Answer 16

• Content
• Criterion-Related
• Construct

Question 17

What are norms in the context of psychological testing?

Answer 17

Reference points for interpreting test scores

Question 18

What is informed consent in psychological testing?

Answer 18

Clients must understand the purpose of the test

Question 19

What does confidentiality mean in psychological testing?

Answer 19

Test results must be kept private

Question 20

What is the importance of cultural sensitivity in psychological testing?

Answer 20

Ensure tests are appropriate across diverse populations

Question 21

What are cognitive ability tests designed to measure?

Answer 21

Intelligence

Question 22

Give an example of a cognitive ability test.

Answer 22

Stanford-Binet

Question 23

What do personality tests assess?

Answer 23

Personality traits

Question 24

Provide an example of a personality test.

Answer 24

MMPI

Question 25

What do neuropsychological tests measure?

Answer 25

Brain function

Question 26

What do achievement and aptitude tests assess?

Answer 26

Knowledge and potential

Question 27

What is operationalisation in psychological measurement?

Answer 27

Operationalisation is defining how to measure abstract constructs (e.g., anxiety through self-reports or physiological measures).

Question 28

What is a Nominal Scale?

Answer 28

A Nominal Scale uses categories with no inherent order

Question 29

What is an Ordinal Scale?

Answer 29

An Ordinal Scale ranks categories without consistent intervals.

Question 30

What is an Interval Scale?

Answer 30

An Interval Scale has equal intervals but no true zero

Question 31

What is a Ratio Scale?

Answer 31

A Ratio Scale has equal intervals with a true zero

Question 32

What is Test-Retest Reliability?

Answer 32

Test-Retest Reliability measures consistency over time.

Question 33

What is Inter-Rater Reliability?

Answer 33

Inter-Rater Reliability assesses agreement between different raters

Question 34

What is Internal Consistency

Answer 34

Internal Consistency measures the consistency of items within the test.

Question 35

What is Parallel-Forms Reliability?

Answer 35

Parallel-Forms Reliability checks consistency between different versions of the test.

Question 36

What is Split-Half Reliability?

Answer 36

Split-Half Reliability measures consistency between halves of the test.

Question 37

What is Criterion-Related Validity?

Answer 37

Criterion-Related Validity assesses whether the test predicts or correlates with other measures.

Question 38

What is Construct Validity?

Answer 38

Construct Validity ensures the test accurately measures the theoretical construct.

Question 39

What is Face Validity?

Answer 39

ace Validity refers to whether the test appears to measure what it claims at face value.

Question 40

What is Standardization in testing?

Answer 40

Standardization ensures consistent procedures for administering and scoring tests.

Question 41

What are Percentiles in testing?

Answer 41

Percentiles express scores in relation to norms, representing the percentage of people scoring below a given score.

Question 42

What are the steps in test development?

Answer 42

Steps include defining the construct, designing items, standardizing the test, analyzing reliability and validity, and creating norms.