Week One Vocab

Question 1

Removal of an unwanted antibody

Answer 1

absorption

Question 2

Providing an antibody with its corresponding antigen under optimal conditions so that the antibody will attach to the antigen, thereby removing the antibody from the serum; often used interchangeably with absorption

Answer 2

adsorption

Question 3

the clumping together of RBCs or any particulate matter resulting from interaction of antibody and its corresponding antigen

Answer 3

agglutination

Question 4

allo-prefix indicating differences within a species–produced in one individual against the RBC antigens of another individual

Answer 4

Allo-antibody

Question 5

Transplant donor who is related or unrelated to the recipient

Answer 5

Allogenic

Question 6

A protein substance secreted by plasma cells that is developed in response to, and interacting specifically with, an antigen. Blood bank–found in serum

Answer 6

antibody

Question 7

Testing the patients serum with Group O reagent RBCs in an effort to detect atypical antibodies

Answer 7

Antibody Screen

Question 8

A substance recognized by the body as being foreign, which can cause an immune response. Blood bank–usually but not exclusively found on RBC membrane

Answer 8

Antigen

Question 9

Test to ascertain the presence or absence of RBC coating by immunoglobulin G or complement or both; uses a xenoantibody or monoclonal antibody to act as a bridge between sanitized cells, yielding agglutination as a positive result

Answer 9

Antiglobulin test

Question 10

Auto-prefix indicating self–reactive against ones own RBC antigens

Answer 10

Auto-antibody

Question 11

Donor and recipient are the same person

Answer 11

Autologous

Question 12

The structures within a nucleus that contain a linear thread of DNA, which transmits genetic information. Genes are arranged along the strand of DNA and constitute portions of DNA

Answer 12

Chromosome

Question 13

An individual who possesses a mixed cell population

Answer 13

chimera

Question 14

A procedure performed using a machine by which one can selectively remove a particular cell type normally found in peripheral blood of a patient donor

Answer 14

cytopheresis

Question 15

a plant that produces a reagent Anti-A serum that reacts with A1 cells but not with A subgroup cells, reacts weakly with Aint cells

Answer 15

Dolichos biflorus

Question 16

Test that detects in vivo coating of an individuals RBCs with IgG or complement

Answer 16

Direct antiglobulin test DAT

Question 17

a donation in which a friend or relative donates blood specifically for a recipient

Answer 17

Directed donor

Question 18

An antibody reacts more strongly with an RBC carrying a double dose (homozygous) than with an RBC carrying a single dose (heterozygous) of an antigen

Answer 18

dosage

Question 19

a process where cells that are coated with antibody are treated in such a manner as to disrupt the bonds between the antigen and antibody. Can be used to test its specificity

Answer 19

Elution

Question 20

the portion of the antigen molecule that is directly involved in the interaction with the antibody; the antigenic determinant

Answer 20

Epitope

Question 21

A blood group serology test method that uses a microbe containing gel that acts as a reaction vessel for agglutination

Answer 21

Gel test

Question 22

A unit of inheritance within a chromosome

Answer 22

Gene

Question 23

An individuals actual genetic makeup

Answer 23

Genotype

Question 24

possessing a pair of identical alleles

Answer 24

homozygous

Question 25

possessing different alleles at a given gene locus

Answer 25

heterozygous

Question 26

antigen whose frequency in the population is 98-99%

Answer 26

high-frequency antigen

Question 27

one of a family of closely related though not identical proteins that are capable of acting as antibodies - IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

Answer 27

Immunoglobulin

Question 28

used to detect antigen-antibody reactions that occur in vitro

Answer 28

Indirect antiglobulin test IAT

Question 29

in vigro combination of antigen and antibody under certain conditions of time and temperature to allow antigen-antibody complexes to occur

Answer 29

incubation

Question 30

outside the living body, as in a laboratory setting

Answer 30

in vitro

Question 31

inside the living body

Answer 31

in vivo

Question 32

The ABO antibodies anti-A, anti-B, and anti-AB

Answer 32

isoagglutinin

Question 33

Proteins present in plants (usually seeds), which bind specifically to carbohydrate determinants and agglutinate erythrocytes through their cell surface of oligosaccharide determinants

Answer 33

Lectin

Question 34

Antibodies to WBCs

Answer 34

Leukoagglutinin

Question 35

antigen whose frequency in a random population is very low - <10%

Answer 35

Low-frequency antigen

Question 36

a type of agglutination pattern in which numerous small clumps of cells exist amid a sea of free cells. Usually when there is more than 1 RBC population present

Answer 36

mixed field

Question 37

The outward expression of genes on blood cells, serologically demonstrable antigens constitute the phenotype, except those sugar sites that are determined by transferases

Answer 37

Phenotype

Question 38

the liquid portion of whole blood, containing water, electrolytes, glucose, fats, protein, and gases. Contains all the clotting factors necessary for coagulation, but in inactive form

Answer 38

Plasma

Question 39

A procedure using a machine to remove only plasma form a donor or patient

Answer 39

Plasmapheresis

Question 40

incomplete lattice formation caused by an excellent of antibody molecules relative to the number of antigen sites, resulting in a false-neg reaction

Answer 40

Prozone

Question 41

receiving a donation from a known donor

Answer 41

Recipient specific donor (directed donor)

Question 42

coin-like stacking of RBCs int eh presence of plasma expanders or abnormal plasma proteins

Answer 42

Rouleaux

Question 43

An unspecialized cell, capable of self-renewal, that gives rise to a group of differential cells, such as the hematopoietic cell

Answer 43

stem cell

Question 44

a condition of being made sensitive to a specific substance after the initial exposure to that substance. Results in development of immunological memory that evokes an accentuated immune response with subsequent exposure to that substance

Answer 44

Sensitization

Question 45

the fluid that remains after whole blood has clotted

Answer 45

serum

Question 46

the affinity of an antibody and the antigen against which it is directed

Answer 46

specificity

Question 47

a measurement of the strength of an antibody by testing its reactivity at increasing dilutions against the appropriate antigen. The reciprocal of the highest dilution that shows agglutination is the titer

Answer 47

Titer