Week Two Medications Pharmacology and Actions

Question 1

activated charcoal
(pharmacology and actions)

Answer 1

Absorbs ingested toxic substances from the GI tract, thereby preventing systemic absorption

Question 2

atropine sulfate
(pharmacology and actions)

Answer 2

– Inhibits acetylcholine at postganglionic
parasympathetic neuroeffector sites.
– Increases heart rate in symptomatic
bradycardia of cardiac origin.
– Reverses muscarinic effects of cholinergic
poisoning

Question 3

dextrose
(Pharmacology and Actions)

Answer 3

– Rapidly increases serum glucose levels.
– Short-term osmotic diuresis

Question 4

diphenhydramine hydrochloride
(Pharmacology and Actions)

Answer 4

Blocks H1 receptors in the:
– respiratory tract
– blood vessels
– GI smooth muscle
Reverses extrapyramidal reactions

Question 5

epinephrine
(Pharmacology and Actions)

Answer 5

Catecholamine with:
– strong alpha-1 effects
– strong beta-1 effects
– moderate beta-2 effects
Increases:
– heart rate (chronotrope)
– myocardial contractility (inotrope)
– electrical conduction speed (dromotrope)
Secondary relaxation effect on the smooth muscle of:
– stomach – uterus
– intestine – bladder

Question 6

glucagon
(Pharmacology and Actions)

Answer 6

– Increases blood glucose level by
stimulating the breakdown of glycogen
into glucose.
– Stabilizes cardiac rhythm in beta-blocker
overdose
– Minimal positive inotropic and
chronotropic responses
– Decreases GI motility and secretions