week2 complex Flashcards
(23 cards)
What does CPAP stand for?
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Used primarily in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
What does BIPAP stand for?
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure
A type of non-invasive ventilation.
What are some contraindications for CPAP?
- Facial surgery
- Trauma where mask cannot sit properly
- High aspiration risk
- Prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation anticipated
What is the purpose of CPAP?
Keeps airway structures open and forces air for inspiration, pulls CO2 off during expiration
What is an Endotracheal Tube used for?
To secure the airway for ventilation
What should be checked for proper placement of an Endotracheal Tube?
- Auscultation
- Observing chest movement
- O2 saturation levels
- Chest x-ray
How often should the Endotracheal Tube be rotated?
Every 2 hours
What indicates a proper placement of an Endotracheal Tube on a CO2 detector?
Gold is good, Purple indicates tube is in stomach
What is Tidal Volume?
Amount of air removed with each breath
What is the normal FIO2 percentage in air?
21%
What does PEEP stand for?
Pressure maintained in lungs at end of expiration
What are key assessments for a mechanical ventilator?
- Vital signs monitoring (SPO2 and RR)
- Inspect bilateral chest wall movement
- Auscultation of breath sounds
What are the modes of mechanical ventilation?
- Volume Assist/Control (C-AC)
- SIMV
- CPAP
What is the purpose of a tracheostomy?
Bypass upper airway obstruction and long-term ventilation
What is a cuffed trach used for?
Mechanical ventilation or at risk for aspiration
What are complications associated with tracheostomy?
- Tracheal necrosis
- Tracheal stenosis
- Subcutaneous emphysema
Where should a chest tube be placed for fluid drainage?
Between intercostal 4-5
What does continuous bubbling in a chest tube indicate?
A leak somewhere
What should never be done with a chest tube?
Clamp it
Fill in the blank: The sniffing position involves putting the head _______.
[back]
What should be monitored for ventilator-associated pneumonia?
- Purulent discharge
- Diaphoresis
- Increased WBC
- Febrile
What is the purpose of an obturator in a tracheostomy?
To assist if the tracheostomy gets dislodged
What is the risk associated with prolonged use of an Endotracheal Tube?
Risk for necrosis and aspiration
