Weekly Check Point - Upper GIT Conditions Flashcards
(10 cards)
Which one of the following substances primarily stimulates gastric acid secretion?
A. Secretin
B. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
C. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
D. Gastrin
D. Gastrin
A 67-year-old man with a history of peptic ulcer disease presents with sudden-onset severe
abdominal pain. He describes the pain as sharp and worsening with movement. On examination, his abdomen is rigid with rebound tenderness.
What is the next best step in management?
A. Administer proton pump inhibitors and observe
B. Perform an abdominal ultrasound
C. Start H. pylori eradication therapy
D. Order an upright chest X-ray
D. Order an upright chest X-ray
A 60-year-old woman with a history of peptic ulcer disease presents with melena and fatigue. Her
haemoglobin is 7.8 g/dL. She is hemodynamically stable.
What is the most appropriate next step?
A. Obtain a CT angiography
B. Perform an urgent upper Gl endoscopy
C. Start high-dose oral proton pump inhibitors
D. Discharge with oral iron supplements
B. Perform an urgent upper Gl endoscopy
A 52-year-old man presents with hematemesis after an episode of forceful vomiting following heavy drinking. His vitals are stable and there are no signs of chronic liver disease.
What is the most likely cause of his condition?
A. Peptic ulcer perforation
B. Gastric adenocarcinoma
C. Oesophageal varices
D. Mallory-Weiss tear
D. Mallory-Weiss tear
Which physiological mechanism protects the gastric mucosa from acid damage?
A. Chief cell secretion of pepsinogen
B. Alkaline mucus barrier and bicarbonate secretion
C. Increased parietal cell activity
D. Increased gastric motility
B. Alkaline mucus barrier and bicarbonate secretion
Which lifestyle modification is most effective in reducing the recurrence of peptic ulcer disease?
A. Reduction in carbohydrate intake
B. Cessation of smoking and alcohol use
C. Increased fibre intake
D. Avoidance of fatty foods
B. Cessation of smoking and alcohol use
Which psychosocial factors are most commonly associated with peptic ulcer disease?
A. Lack of physical activity
B. High socioeconomic status
C. Chronic stress
D. Low salt diet
C. Chronic stress
A patient, newly diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease reports severe anxiety about their condition.
What is the most appropriate non-pharmacological intervention?
A. Provide patient education and counselling
B. Recommend a strict liquid diet
C. Suggest long-term bed rest
D. Encourage avoidance of all social interactions
A. Provide patient education and counselling
A patient presents with epigastric pain that worsens on an empty stomach and improves after
eating.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
B. Duodenal ulcer
C. Gastric ulcer
D. Oesophageal ulcer
B. Duodenal ulcer
A patient with suspected upper GI bleeding has a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg and tachycardia.
What is the most immediate step in management?
A. Order an urgent colonoscopy
B. Start proton pump inhibitors
C. Test stool for occult blood
D. Administer IV fluids
D. Administer IV fluids
