Weekly Quizzes Incorrect Answers

Question 1

It is unethical for us to meet our personal needs through our professional work.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Practitioners anxious to avoid any litigation may gear their practices mainly toward fulfilling legal minimums.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

‘Informed consent’ is an ethical requirement that is an integral part of the therapeutic process; however, it is not a legal requirement.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What is the primary rationale of conducting a comprehensive assessment of the client as the initial step in the therapeutic process?

Answer 4

Conducting a comprehensive assessment of the client offers inexperienced therapists a concrete framework from which to practice. Seasoned clinicians rarely use this approach since they can quickly assess the client’s problem.

Question 5

Ethics codes:

Answer 5

are best used as guidelines to formulate sound reasoning and serve practitioners in making the best judgments possible.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a vital contributor to the success of psychotherapy?

Answer 6

The therapeutic method employed.

Question 7

Except for _______________________, which is unequivocally unethical, there is not much consensus regarding the appropriate way to deal with multiple relationships.

Answer 7

sexual intimacy with current clients

Question 8

Psychoanalytically-oriented therapy can be made appropriate for culturally diverse populations if techniques are modified to fit the settings in which a therapist practices.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Ego psychology is not part of classical psychoanalysis with the emphasis placed on the vocabulary of id, ego, and superego.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

The ‘working through’ process allows clients to complete all of the following except:

Answer 10

repeat and explore conscious events of the past that are pleasant.

Question 11

Analytic therapy focuses on __________ that are happening in the moment in the therapy sessions.

Answer 11

feelings, perceptions, and action

Question 12

Psychodynamic therapists know the importance of:

Answer 12

when and how to make interpretations; tact and timing are essential for effective interpretations.

Question 13

Psychodynamic therapists remain alert to all of the following except:

Answer 13

Explore the clients past only.

Question 14

The therapeutic relationship is central to all of the following except:

Answer 14

exploration on the part of the therapist.

Question 15

The ability of therapists to gain self-understanding and to establish appropriate boundaries with clients is critical in managing and effectively using their:

Answer 15

countertransference reactions.

Question 16

Striving for superiority is seen as a neurotic manifestation.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Adler maintains that our style of life is not set until middle age.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Adlerian counsellors do not make interpretations.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

The Adlerian point of view toward the role of insight in therapy is best stated in this way:

Answer 19

To be of value, insight must be translated into a constructive action program

Question 20

The lifestyle assessment includes information based on all of the following, except:

Answer 20

The individual constellation.

Question 21

How would the Adlerian therapist view the personal problems of clients?

Answer 21

As the end result of a process of discouragement.

Question 22

Which of the following is not one of the four phases of the Adlerian therapeutic process?

Answer 22

Teaching the client the process of free association.

Question 23

Which term does not fit Adlerian therapy?

Answer 23

Deterministic

Question 24

Which of the following does Adler not stress?

Answer 24

Direction in which people are headed.

Question 25

The phenomenological orientation pays attention to the:

Answer 25

way in which individuals perceive their world.

Question 26

Adlerians value early recollections as an important clue to the understanding of:

Answer 26

the unconscious dynamics that motivate behavior.

Question 27

To its credit, existential therapy is compatible with the trend toward evidence-based practice.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

__________, developed by Victor Frankl, is designed to help clients find meaning in life.

Answer 28

Logotherapy

Question 29

Resistance is seen as part of ______________—how a person understands his or her being and relationship to the world at large.

Answer 29

the self-and-world construct

Question 30

The existential therapist would probably agree that:

Answer 30

ultimately we are alone.

Question 31

The existential “givens of existence” include all of the following except:

Answer 31

taxes

Question 32

A major contribution of this approach has been the willingness of Rogers to state his formulations as testable hypotheses and to submit them to research.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

One of the strengths of the person-centered approach is its impact on the field of philosophy with diverse cultural groups.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

A limitation of this approach is that it is a long-term process.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Methods of Natalie Rogers’ expressive arts therapy are based on psychoanalytic concepts.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What quality(s) is (are) most often used in the person-centered approach?

Answer 36

Listening and responding honestly

Question 37

In what stage do individuals intend to take action immediately and report some small behavioral changes?

Answer 37

Preparation

Question 38

One strength of the person-centered approach is that:

Answer 38

therapists have the latitude to develop their own counselling style.

Question 39

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is adjustment to society.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

Recent trends in Gestalt practice include more emphasis on confrontation, more anonymity of the therapist, and increased reliance on techniques.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

One of the functions of the therapist is to pay attention to the client’s body language.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

Gestalt techniques are primarily aimed at teaching clients to think rationally.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

A major function of the therapist is to make interpretations of clients’ behaviour so that they can begin to think about their patterns.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

The founder of Gestalt therapy contends that a frequent source of unfinished business is resentment.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

Which of the following is not a key concept of Gestalt therapy?

Answer 45

Intellectual understanding of one’s problems.

Question 46

According to the Gestalt view, awareness:

Answer 46

is by itself therapeutic

Question 47

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is to help clients:

Answer 47

move from environmental support to self-support.

Question 48

Gestalt therapy can best be characterised as:

Answer 48

an experiential therapy.

Question 49

Gestalt therapy encourages clients to do all of the following except:

Answer 49

Not pay attention to their own nonverbal messages.

Question 50

The tendency to uncritically accept others’ beliefs and standards without assimilating them to make them congruent with who we are is:

Answer 50

introjection

Question 51

The process of blurring the differentiation between the self and the environment is

Answer 51

confluence

Question 52

Which of the following is a shortcoming of Gestalt therapy as it is applied to working with culturally diverse populations?

Answer 52

Gestalt methods can lead to a high level of intense feelings, and some clients may have been culturally conditioned to be emotionally reserved and to avoid openly expressing feelings.

Question 53

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is based on helping clients control or change unpleasant sensations and thoughts.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

Behavioural techniques can be effectively incorporated into a group counselling format.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

Mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches:

Answer 55

have been subjected to empirical scrutiny.

Question 56

In behaviour therapy it is generally agreed that:

Answer 56

the client, with the help of the therapist, should decide the treatment goals.

Question 57

Which is not true as it is applied to behaviour therapy?

Answer 57

Insight is necessary for behaviour change to occur.

Question 58

Most behavioural practitioners stress the value of establishing a collaborative working relationship with clients but contend that:

Answer 58

warmth, empathy, authenticity, permissiveness and acceptance are necessary, but not sufficient, for behaviour change to occur.

Question 59

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction practices rely on:

Answer 59

experiential learning and client self-discovery.

Question 60

Which is not true of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?

Answer 60

DBT is a blend of Adlerian concepts and behavioural techniques.

Question 61

Cognitive therapy, an evidence-based therapy for depression, was developed by Meichenbaum.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

Ellis shares Rogers’ view of the client–therapist relationship as a condition for change to occur within clients.

Answer 62

False

Question 63

Beck developed a procedure known as stress-inoculation training.

Answer 63

False

Question 64

According to Albert Ellis, to feel worthwhile, human beings need love and acceptance from significant others.

Answer 64

False

Question 65

A difference between Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’ REBT is that Beck places more emphasis on helping clients discover their misconceptions for themselves than does Ellis.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

Which of the following is not a part of stress inoculation training?

Answer 66

Exception questions

Question 67

REBT views the core of emotional disturbances to be:

Answer 67

blame

Question 68

One of the most common CBT group approaches is:

Answer 68

based on REBT principles and techniques.

Question 69

Meichenbaum’s ______________________focuses more on helping clients become aware of their self-talk and the stories they tell about themselves.

Answer 69

self-talk analysis

Question 70

Beck’s cognitive therapy places more emphasis on:

Answer 70

helping clients identify misconceptions for themselves.

Question 71

In self-instructional training, which of the following is given primary importance?

Answer 71

Helping clients become aware of their self-talk.

Question 72

A good way to change behaviour is for us to be self-critical.

Answer 72

False

Question 73

The focus of reality therapy is on attitudes and feelings.

Answer 73

False

Question 74

When working with clients from certain ethnic groups, reality therapy exposes shortcomings. Which of the following is not a shortcoming?

Answer 74

t provides clients with tools to make the changes they desire.

Question 75

According to this approach, insight:

Answer 75

is not sufficient for producing behaviour change on its own.

Question 76

Which is not a key concept of reality therapy?

Answer 76

unconcious motivation

Question 77

Which of the following is not true of reality therapy?

Answer 77

Working through the transference relationship is essential for therapy to occur.

Question 78

Regarding the goals of reality therapy:

Answer 78

it is to help clients learn better ways of fulfilling all of their needs.

Question 79

Which statement is not true of reality therapy?

Answer 79

It focuses on attitude change as a prerequisite for behaviour change.

Question 80

An axiom of choice theory is that:

Answer 80

although the past may have contributed to a current problem, the past is never the problem.

Question 81

Therapist self-disclosure is rarely used in feminist therapy.

Answer 81

False

Question 82

Historically, multicultural approaches evolved in response to all of the following except:

Answer 82

Multicultural society.

Question 83

The beginnings of feminism (often referred to as the first wave) can be traced to the late 1800s, but the women’s movement of the 1960s (the second wave) laid the foundation for the development of:

Answer 83

feminist therapy.

Question 84

Which of the following interventions is least likely to be used by a feminist therapist?

Answer 84

Analysis and interpretation of transference.

Question 85

Goals of feminist therapy include all of the following except:

Answer 85

Striving for change and adjustment.

Question 86

__________ explain differences in the behaviour of women and men in terms of socialisation processes rather than on the basis of our “innate” natures.

Answer 86

Gender-fair approaches

Question 87

________ uses concepts and strategies that apply equally to individuals and groups regardless of age, race, culture, gender, ability, class, or sexual orientation.

Answer 87

Flexible-multicultural perspectives.

Question 88

Culturally competent feminist therapists look for ways to work within the context of:

Answer 88

the client's culture.

Question 89

Narrative therapy is a relational and anti-individualistic practice.

Answer 89

True

Question 90

Narrative therapists pay more attention to a client’s past than they do to the client’s present and future.

Answer 90

False

Question 91

In solution-focused therapy, gathering extensive information about a problem is a necessary step in helping clients find a solution to the problem.

Answer 91

False

Question 92

Because solution-focused therapy is designed to be brief, it is essential that therapists teach clients specific strategies for understanding their problems.

Answer 92

False

Question 93

Which of the following is true of social constructionist theory?

Answer 93

The therapist-as-expert is replaced by the client as expert.

Question 94

A major strength of both solution-focused and narrative therapies is the:

Answer 94

use of questioning.

Question 95

___________ is a psychological expression of the postmodern worldview that values the client’s reality without disputing whether it is accurate or rational.

Answer 95

Social constructionism

Question 96

A potential shortcoming of the postmodern approaches pertains to:

Answer 96

not-knowing stance the therapist assumes, along with the assumption of the client-as-expert.

Question 97

Which of the following is not a basic assumption guiding the practice of solution-focused brief therapy?

Answer 97

Using techniques in therapy is a way of discounting a client’s capacity to find his or her own way.

Question 98

Pretherapy change is a solution-focused therapy technique that:

Answer 98

asks clients to address changes that have taken place from the time they made an appointment to the first therapy session.

Question 99

Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe life without the problem?

Answer 99

The miracle question.

Question 100

In narrative therapy, the process of finding evidence to bolster a new view of the person as competent enough to have stood up to, or defeated, the dominance or oppression of the problem refers to:

Answer 100

the search for unique outcomes.

Question 101

Which of the following statements about creating alternative stories is not not true?

Answer 101

The narrative therapist analyses and interprets the meaning of a client’s story.