weeks 1-10 Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
How is wellness defined in the context of health?
Wellness is an active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.
What are the different models of health?
The Biomedical Model, Biopsychosocial Model, Social Model of Health, and Wellness Model.
Describe the Biomedical Model of health.
Focuses on the physical and biological aspects of disease, emphasizing diagnosis, treatment, and cure.
What does the Biopsychosocial Model encompass?
It considers biological, psychological, and social factors in health and illness.
What is the Social Model of Health?
Emphasizes the impact of social determinants on health outcomes, such as socioeconomic status and education.
What is the focus of the Wellness Model?
Achieving higher levels of well-being through prevention and health promotion strategies.
What are biological determinants of health?
Genetic predispositions and hereditary conditions that affect health.
List some behavioral determinants of health.
Diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and health care service utilization.
What are social determinants of health?
Conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, influenced by economic and social policies.
Define environmental determinants of health.
Physical and social environments that influence health outcomes, such as air quality and housing conditions.
What is the social gradient in health?
The relationship between socioeconomic status and health outcomes, where higher status correlates with better health.
What is Primary Health Care (PHC)?
Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound methods, universally accessible to individuals and families.
Name the key principles of Primary Health Care.
Accessibility, equity, community participation, and intersectoral collaboration.
What role do nurses play in Primary Health Care?
Nurses promote health and wellness through patient education, advocacy, and community engagement.
What is health promotion?
The process of enabling individuals and communities to increase control over their health and improve well-being.
What are the key action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?
Building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services.
What challenges exist in health promotion?
Historical victim-blaming, budget constraints, and the influence of unhealthy product marketing.
Define vulnerability in health contexts.
The degree to which individuals or populations are unable to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of disease and disasters.
List some national vulnerable populations in Australia.
First Nations people, children, older adults, CALD individuals, LGBTQI+ community, people with disabilities, veterans, and prisoners.
What are the National Health Priority Areas (NHPA)?
Focus areas established to guide health policy and resource allocation, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, mental health, diabetes, and obesity.
What is the significance of chronic disease management?
Chronic diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality; management includes early detection and lifestyle modification.
What is public health?
Organized efforts to prevent disease and promote health at the population level, involving health education and policy development.
Describe the structure of the Australian health care system.
A mix of public and private providers, primarily funded through taxation (Medicare), providing universal access to health services.
