Weeks 1 - 6

Question 1

Type of question not to ask

Answer 1

“why” questions

Question 2

Physical Exam Sequence (4)

Answer 2

1) Inspection

2) Palpation

3) Percussion

4) Auscultation

Question 3

Components of General Survey (4)

Answer 3

1) Physical appearance

2) Body structure

3) Mobility

4) Behaviour

“peanut butter makes breakfast”

Question 4

Normal Temperature Range - General Population

Answer 4

35.8 - 37.3

Question 5

Normal Temperature Range - Older Adults

Answer 5

35.8 - 36.2

Question 6

Normal Pulse Range

Answer 6

50 - 95 bpm

Question 7

Characteristics of Pulse (4)

Answer 7

1) Rate

2) Rhythm

3) Force - grade (0 to 3)

4) Equality - symmetrical?

Question 8

Normal Respiratory Range

Answer 8

10 - 20

Question 9

Characteristics of Respiration (3)

Answer 9

1) Rate

2) Rhythm - regular or irregular

3) Depth - shallow or deep

Question 10

Normal Oxygen Saturation

Answer 10

97 - 99

Question 11

Normal Oxygen Saturation in COPD

Answer 11

88 - 92

Question 12

Normal BP

Answer 12

120/80

Question 13

What the bell of the stethoscope is used for?

Answer 13

low pitched sounds

e.g. heart murmur, turbulent blood flow

Question 14

What the diaphragm of the stethoscope is used for?

Answer 14

high pitched sounds

e.g. breath sounds, heart sounds

Question 15

Orthostatic (postural) hypotension

Answer 15

drop in SYSTOLIC mercury more than 20 mmHg between positions

Question 16

Landmark for apex of heart

Answer 16

5th intercostal space

Question 17

Landmark for base of heart

Answer 17

2nd intercostal space

Question 18

Where is the S1 sound the loudest?

Answer 18

apex

Question 19

Where is the S2 sound the loudest?

Answer 19

base

Question 20

What happens in diastole?

Answer 20

ventricles relax and fill with blood

AV valves are open

high pressure in atria as blood pours into ventricles

atria contract, pushing last bit of blood into ventricles

Question 21

What marks the start of systole?

Answer 21

AV valves shutting = S1

Question 22

What marks the end of systole?

Answer 22

semilunar valves shutting = S2

Question 23

abnormal heart sounds

Answer 23

S3 and S4

Question 24

Orthopnea

Answer 24

SOB lying down

relieved by sitting up

Question 25

Normal Cardio Changes With Aging (3)

Answer 25

1) mild increase in systolic BP 2) NO Change in diastolic BP and resting HR 3) decreased ability to compensate for exercise

Question 26

Cardiovascular Exam Sequence

Answer 26

1) Inspection 2) Palpation NO PERCUSSION 3) Auscultation

Question 27

What is matched correctly? a) artery, valve b) vein, pump c) artery, pump

Answer 27

c) artery, pump (and vein, valve)

Question 28

What is the best indicator of DVT? a) Positive Homan's sign b) venous ultrasonography

Answer 28

b) venous ultrasonography Homan's sign is outdated

Question 29

How breathing should be (4)

Answer 29

1) regular 2) relaxed 3) silent 4) automatic

Question 30

AVPU Scale for LOC

Answer 30

A - alert? V - voice - responding to voice? P - pain - squeeze of traps U - unresponsive

Question 31

Reasons for decreased tactile fremitus

Answer 31

excess air e.g. pneumothorax, emphysema

Question 32

Reason for increased tactile fremitus

Answer 32

consolidation e.g. exudate, blood, pneumonia

Question 33

Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

Answer 33

wax and wane in a REGULAR pattern, increasing in rate and depth then decreasing with periods of apnea severe heart failure

Question 34

Which populations are Cheyne-Stoke respirations normal in? (2)

Answer 34

1) infants 2) older adults

Question 35

Biot's Respiration

Answer 35

irregular breathing pattern e.g. head trauma

Question 36

Crackles

Answer 36

brief, popping sounds discontinuous during inspiration often at lung bases e.g. pneumonia, heart failure

Question 37

Wheezes

Answer 37

narrowed airways continuous during expiration upper airways e.g. asthma, COPD, bronchitis

Question 38

Stridor

Answer 38

high-pitched, harsh sounds inspiration trachea obstruction of narrowing upper airway e.g. croup, upper airway obstruction

Question 39

Good, palpable landmark on the abdomen

Answer 39

aorta

Question 40

Order of GI assessment

Answer 40

1) Inspection 2) Auscultation 3) Percussion 4) Palpation