Weight Management Flashcards
(44 cards)
Why has the use of BMI to define obesity met with criticism over the years?
it does not measure body fat, but rather total body weight relative to height
We should not use BMI charts for what population of people?
individuals with more muscle mass than the average person
So who can we use BMI charts
the vast majority of the population
Bat fat calipers
measure skin folds at precise body sites
Hydrostatic weighing
complete submersion is water
Bioelectrical impedance analysis
electrical current through the body
Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry
radiation distinguish bone, muscle, water and fat density
air displacement plethymography
BOD POD
Hamwi method
Males start with 106 lbs for the first 5 feet
add or subtract 6 lbs per inch over or under 5 feet
Females start with 100 lbs for the first 5 feet
add or subtract 5 lbs per inch over or under 5 feet
The add or subtract 10% to get total healthy range
In order to come up with a more accurate “ideal body weight” what 3 things would need to be considered?
frame size
variation
essentiality of body fat
Being thin is just as dangerous to your health as being obese
True
What is the major contributor to obesity in America?
physical inactivity
Overall _ _ is the primary cause of excess weight.
energy imbalance
1lb of fat equals how many kcal’s?
3500
An excess of 100 kcal of fat per day could equal a gain of _ lbs per year
10.4
100 times 365 (days in a year)
divided by 3500 (1 lb of fat in kcal’s)
Why do fad diets not work (2)
Scientific inaccuracies and misinformation
Failure to address the necessity of changing long term habits and behaviors
Effects of fasting (5)
Acidosis Low blood pressure Electrolyte imbalance A loss of lean muscle mass Decreased BMR
Why do macronutrient restrictions not work? (2)
Too restrictive to maintain for extended periods
They also carry health risks
Effects of body wraps. What actually happens?
No real weight loss. Just temporary water loss
Diet drugs _ _ intake by suppressing appetite, _ _ expenditure by stimulating _, and _absorption of _ in the gut.
reduce energy increase energy BMR reducing food
Two types of weight loss surgeries preformed?
Gastric restriction (making the stomach smaller) Combination procedures (making the stomach smaller and inducing malabsorption
List 4 concepts that clients MUST understand and accept before they can expect to see any results
no short cuts
weight loss requires handwork
and individual motivation
Life style change in food and activity
A good weight management program must be based on what 5 characteristics?
realistic goals negative energy balance nutritional adequacy cultural appeal energy readjustment to maintain weight
Define normal eating (4)
eating when hungry and stopping when full
demonstrating moderate restraint with food selection
recognizing that overeating and undereating are sometimes acceptable
having the ability to be flexible with eating schedule
