Weimar 1918-1929

Question 1

when was the munich putsch

Answer 1

1923

Question 2

which party led the munich putsch and who was the leader

Answer 2

the nazi party and hitler

Question 3

for how long was hitler imprisoned

Answer 3

9 months

Question 4

why was there lots of political unrest post war

Answer 4

a new government was voted in however this government was very weak and hated by lots

Question 5

what and when was the port kiel revolution

Answer 5

started in 1918 when sailors refused to go fight the british navy one last time, they rebelled and in total 40000 soldiers,sailors and workers held the port kiel in revolution for the spartacists

Question 6

what was polarisation (political)

Answer 6

when there are extreme political parties with opposite views

Question 7

what was the spartacist revolution and the result

Answer 7

an uprising by the spartacist league in 1919 in berlin and the ruhr, the government had to call in the freikorps to crush the rebellion

Question 8

name 3 extremist militant groups who started to emerge

Answer 8

Sparticists-extreme communists
Freikorps- ex military mercenary group
nazis- right wing extremist group

Question 9

who helped shut down the 1919 workers rebellion and why

Answer 9

Freikorps as the german army was not strong enough to at the time

Question 10

what were the conditions of the treaty of versailles

Answer 10

-military reduced to 100000
-concede territory to various different countries
-6.6bn in reparations
acceptance of guilt

Question 11

when and what was the kapp putsch

Answer 11

1920, the freikorps in an attempt to seize power and install a right wing government marched on the capital, berlin, forcing ebert and his government to flee

Question 12

how was the kapp putsch stopped

Answer 12

lost momentum as they did not have the support of the poeople especially the workers

Question 13

what was the berlin pact

Answer 13

an agreement between communist russia and germany to become trading partners but to also allow germany to train its army in russia

Question 14

what was the ebert-groner pact

Answer 14

a deal between the chancellor and future prime minister that ebert would have full support of the armed forces

Question 15

when did hyper inflation start

Answer 15

1924

Question 16

what provoked germany in to hyper inflation

Answer 16

the french occupation of the ruhr

Question 17

how did the french occupation of the ruhr lead to hyper inflation

Answer 17

the weimar government told workers not to work as it would benefit the french, the government proceeded to print money to pay the workers who were passively resisting, this sent the country in to hyper inflation

Question 18

when and what was the young plan

Answer 18

was in 1929 and it was a plan to give a 300mil loan to germany and also again reduce their war reparation repayment debt

Question 19

when and what was the dawes plan

Answer 19

1924-a plan to give loans to germany and reduce their war reparation payments

Question 20

which parties supported/accepted the weimar republic

Answer 20

-SPD
-zentrum
-National party(unwillingly)

Question 21

which parties opposed the new weimar republic

Answer 21

-Nazi party
-KPD(communist party)

Question 22

why was the divisions among the spd party the main reason for the failure of the spartacist rebellion

Answer 22

in 1919 there were 4 different socialist parties, of which 2 refused to join the uprising (spd,uspd) therefore the rebellion didnt have the numbers or momentum as the spartacist and kpd were the smaller parties

Question 23

what was the nazis views on trade unions

Answer 23

severely disliked them as they were marxist socialists

Question 24

how many chancellors were in power from 24-28

Answer 24

4

Question 25

what is the problem of having 4 chancellors in 4 years

Answer 25

there is no political stability, laws, legislations and policies are constantly changing causing no stability

Question 26

who were ‘the winter criminals’

Answer 26

the german government (ebert) who negotiated their surrender and then accepted the terms to the treaty of versailles

Question 27

how was germany affected by the 1929 wall street crash

Answer 27

-no more us loans which germany were relying on
-wanted their debts to us paid back
-german banks had invested in US banks so lost money
-unemployment 2-6m in 2 years
-1/3 of germans didnt have regular wages

Question 28

what economic successes did weimar achieve by 1929

Answer 28

-industry booming again, +4% to pre war numbers
-economic success got them integrated back in to the international society (league of nations)
-exports had increased by 40% from 1925
-young plan decreased their repayments by 75%

Question 29

how well did the weimar economy perform(failures)

Answer 29

-agriculture still relied on us imports
-economy was built on low interest rate loans that couldnt be payed back (unsustainable growth)
-hyper inflation in 1924
-agriculture output had not recovered to pre war levels
- imports > exports

Question 30

what areas of culture boomed post war and what were their focuses

Answer 30

-art-focused on war horrors
-cinema-portrayed a strong germany, propaganda
-literature- war horrors and protest due to no censorship
-fashion - was more accessible due to people having more money and a less traditional society
-architecture- lots of buildings destroyed in the war

Question 31

which social group/religion did the nazis target their aggression at

Answer 31

jews

Question 32

name 2 extremist political parties that emerged

Answer 32

-KPD (extreme communists)
-Nazi party (extreme nationalist)

Question 33

what policies directly positively affected workers (weimar)

Answer 33

• wages increased by 10% in 1928
• in 1927 the government introduced pension and unemployment insurance