Weimar Gov and Opp better Flashcards
(26 cards)
When was 1st spartacist rebellion ?
5th Jan 1919
How many killed as a result of the first spartacist rebellion?
10th-12th jan = 100+ workers killed
What did Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg do in rebellion?
Encourage workers rebellion in speeches and told to overthrow the SPD government before the january elections - SPD newspaper officers were occupied.
Who did Ebert get to deal with the spartacist rebellion?
General Noske - great severity using army and freikorps
What legacy did the spartacist rebellion leave?
left no longer saw SPD as saviour, rather, as enemy. felt betrayed
defeat spartacist rebellion didn’t end left wing. what continued it?
frustrated with weimar gov eagerness to compromise with kaiser elites, economic conditions bred disorder, demobilised soldiers hard to readjust to civilian life, KPD boycott jan elections and Com-intern backed activism and marxists thought Germany ripe for revolution
What happened March 1919?
Another spartacist uprising in Berlin
Communist government set up in Bavaria
Workers council of soviets declared in Munich
What happened april to may 1919?
wave of strikes halle and ruhr valley
weimar used freikorp - Berlin 1200 killed (May 1919)and 700 killed in Bavaria when communist overthrown for r/w regime
March 1920?
General strike defeated Kapp Putsch, communists made red army of 50,000 and seized control of ruhr, state of civil war.
Struggled in halle and dresden in which over 1000 workers killed and 250 soldiers + police killed.
December 1920?
USPD join KPD = nearly half a million members = ^ confidence and strength
March 1921
attempted communist rising in Saxony.
Strikes in hamburg and Ruhr
1923
Further strikes centred hamburg and saxony due to economic collapse
how many left wing political assassinations?
22
How many left wing political assassins punished?
10 convicted and executed
why was gov never severely threatened due to left?
Impact m/c?
cautiousness of KPD, severity of Freikorp and Army.
Fear of red revolution nevertheless scared m/c who viewed gov as not in control
Why r/w against wiemar from the start?
said october revolution caused military collapse, stab in the back myth, compounded by hatred for TOV and humiliating defeat
Who was r/w ideas strong amongst?
Impact of wealth?
Judges, landowners, policemen, civil servant, freikorp, army, industrialists.
Wealth = disproportionate influence
January 1920 (r/w)
gov began reduce size of army and freikorp in accordance of TV
March 1920 (r/w)
Kapp Putsch. Luttwitz, Wolfgang Kapp and sympathetic officers march Berlin. Ebert fled dresden + ask Seekt to crush it, Seekt refuse, Kapp proclaimed chancellor, G.S ends Kapp Putsch within 4 days
Kapp Pustch lessons
army not to be trusted, without them the government weak, strength of the left.
Judges in aftermath of Kapp Pustch? Impact?
leniency to r/w, only 1 was punished! reaffirmed idea government not in control
What did the r/w organise themselves into? example?
Patriotic Leagues
Organisation Consul
fiercely anti republican paramilitaries
What did patriotic leagues aim to do?
eliminate the prominent politicians and associated with betrayal of Germany
Who was killed by patriotic leagues, when?
1919 Huge Haase
1921 Matthais Erzberger
1922 Walther Rathenau
