Western Civ. Final Flashcards

Question

Social Revolutionary Party

Answer 1

``` 1901 Russian political party SR's opposed to industrial revolution against Tsar Nicholas 2 Opposed to Western world ```

Answer 2

1903 Russian political party cadets middle class party making money off of industrial rev. want constitution, limited monarchy, and parliament Want to be like Western world Nicholas 2 doesn't like them b/c constitution

Answer 3

``` 1898 Russian political party leader was Gregory Pielchanov Communist party Where power rested in Russia 11 mil. members most powerful is General Secretary ```

Answer 4

``` late 1800's Marxist leader of the Russian Social Democratic Party was thrown out of country contacted Marx and asked for advice helped by Lenin ```

Answer 5

1870-1924 Helps Pielchanov son of Bureaucrat, lived in exile in Switzerland for a while publish "What is to be Done?" gives answer to Russia and form small political party says not to give into appeasement peace, bread, land encourages troops to leave WW1 Seizes power in Russia at St. Petersburg Sign peace treaty with Germany Revolution against him in Russia, manages to keep power, but has to decide who to succeed him, Stalin or Trotsky

Answer 6

early 1900's provisional government promised parliament from Tsar Alexander 3 buys Tsar supporters and time people still oppose Tsar food shortages lead to revolt of cadets Epic fail, Tsar ends up abdicating thrown

Answer 7

``` 1917 a strike committee formed in Russia workers and soldiers council takes over St. Petersburg make Tsar Alexander 3 abdicate Russia became de-facto republic pyramid system, villages, territories, regions, supreme ```

Answer 8

``` early to mid 1900's Lenin's right hand man Captured St. Petersburg for Lenin in charge of Red Army struggle between him and Stalin for power after Lenin Stalin wins ```

Answer 9

early to mid 1900's KGB internal and external affairs worked for communist party arrested counter revolutionaries

Answer 10

early to mid 1900's Had power in Russia initially was army controlled by communist party

Answer 11

1879-1953 born poor, real name is Dzugazhvili, inarticulate but good at desk work becomes leader in 1930's wants command economy and workers paradise, collective farms, destruction of capitalism Party purges, totalitarian state

Answer 12

20th century word two aspects: politics/culture and economy Stalin used this, everything had to be communist party and communism, so did Mussolini, and Hitler Party purges occur as result of this no true freedoms, groups, private enterprise, etc.

Answer 13

1883-1945 lower middle class, editor of Avanti (leading socialist newspaper) in favor or going to world war 1 with British and French expelled from socialist party b/c pro war said it was Rome's fault Italy was humiliated at treaty of Versailles Became prime minister, est. dictatorship, spent lots on infrastructure

Answer 14

early 1900's happens because of wartime economy people forced to save money because of lack of consumer goods during war after war people want to spend their money rush of inflation and wages unequal to inflation, causes conflict

Answer 15

``` early 1900's action groups formed by Mussolini means bundle of sticks in Italian stronger together than apart appeals to soldiers allows Mussolini to come into power ```

Answer 16

1919 constitution proclaimed in Germany 2 house legislature, universal suffrage, civil liberties started by Kaiser but full of people not loyal to him Versailles Treaty blamed on them

Answer 17

early 1900's 1st Chancellor of Germany sign treaty of Versailles not blamed on him by people but blamed on Weimar Republic

Answer 18

early 1900's head of Christian Social Party in Germany anti-semite influenced Hitler greatly

Answer 19

1889-1945 served in war, started beer Hall Putch Anti-semite, people liked this eventually asked to be Chancellor of Germany Enabling act lets him do whatever he wants euthanasia and Sterilization of people with disabilities and the Jews Invades Czech Republic, Sudetenland, and Rhineland starting WW2 commits suicide in 1945, Germany falls

Answer 20

1933 Hitler asks for this gives chancellor unlimited power for 4 years to do what is necessary against a national revolution totalitarian government eventually Nazi is only legal party (totalitarianism)

Answer 21

1933-1945 taught national socialism is applied biology figure in Nazi Regime before Hitler One people, one state, one ruler wanted to exterminate non-Arians and get Germans back in Germany

Answer 22

``` mid 1900's cleanse Arian race of bad elements wanted active agents in medical profession sterilization and euthanasia judged to be "life unworthy" ```

Answer 23

mid 1900's American who taught at Ohio State wrote books on origins of 1st world war argued treaty of Versailles too harsh on Germany said every country that participated was responsible

Answer 24

1937 new prime minister of England negotiates with Hitler for settlement in Munich lets Germany have the Sudetenland thinks peace has been reached with Germany

Answer 25

``` mid 1900's becomes Prime minister after Chamberlain strong critic of appeasement policy organizes Britain for war DTF (down to fight) ```

Answer 26

mid 1900's Germans invade Africa/ Egypt, trying to get to Middle East for oil they are stopped by Egyptian army and have to retreat really a turning point for Germany, begin loosing war

Answer 27

``` 1946 gave speech in Russia denouncing West as enemies Western response given by churchill Iron Curtain started Molotov cocktail ```

Answer 28

``` 1945 Nazi's removed from office after war some put on trial French and British consider all involved Nazis Soviets and US a little more lenient ```

Answer 29

1945 want no Germans with weapons after the war all institutions of German Army eliminated

Answer 30

``` 1945 war industries removed in Germany not much to be demolished what was considered military industry? Ex: could they still have automobile manufacturers? ```

Answer 31

1945 happens after war Britain, France, US, and Soviets trying to get people of Germany out of Nazi ideology effort to re-unify Germany

Answer 32

``` mid 1900's West Germany France, Britain, and US Bonn is capital lead by Adenhanen and then Brandt was rebuilt faster because of help from US ```

Answer 33

``` 1945 East German, Soviets Capital is Berlin lead by Ulbricht was rebuilt much slower than West Germany tried to kinda copy West Germany ```

Answer 34

``` 1948 Right wing 1st Chancellor of West German during war huge opponent of Nazis was arrested and put in Nazi jail ```

Answer 35

``` 1969 Left wing 3rd Chancellor of West Germany leader of Anti-Nazi underground in war blew up bridges and factories of Nazi's Hitler's most wanted man ```

Answer 36

mid 1900's 1st chancellor of Eastern Germany communist no association with Nazis during war

Answer 37

mid 1900's President of France's 4th republic in war he spent time in England and only went back for the battle of Normandy completely withdrawn form Nazis so chosen as leader of France

Answer 38

1947 Lead by secretary of state General Marshall also known as Marshall plan US sends money $17 bil. to Western European countries helps their economies they end up spending money in US or Canada Co-operation of industry not competition

Answer 39

mid 1900's secretary of state, came up with Marshall Plan helps Western Europe recover with US money main goal is for Europeans to use aid wisely co-operation in industry rather than competition successfully helps Europe copied by Eastern Europe with Council of Economic Assistance (end up failing)

Answer 40

1949 includes France, Britain, US, Canada, Italy, and Belgium alliance between all of them any attack on a country in NATO is an attack on all Guarantees American support in Europe makes it where Western European countries will no longer go to war East's version is Warsaw Pact

Answer 41

1955ish Signed in Rome, know as common market, EU get Western European countries to trade as a single market universal weights/measures, metric system Euro currency created and adopted by some countries in EU problem is there is universal currency but no universal economic policy

Answer 42

1894-1973 General secretary of Russia after Stalin Stalin's protege Puts down people's demonstrations about dislike for lack of rebuilding of East Germany Sends troops to kill protestors in Hungary, Czech Republic, and East Germany looks bad on TV Puts missiles in Cuba, Cuban Missile Crisis falls from power after CMC

Answer 43

1956 Stalin's general secretary in Hungary wanted to dismantle collective agriculture, wanted multiple political parties, and wanted Russian troops to go home Khruschev sends tanks to kill protestors 1st crisis put on national television

Answer 44

mid to late 1900's replaced Khruschev Brezhnev is most important figure

Answer 45

``` mid to late 1900's general secretary of Czech Republic tries to learn lesson from Nagy wants to end collective agriculture, wants free expression,, allow other political parties again Khruschev sends in troops ```

Answer 46

``` 1972 and 1980 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty Between America and Russia 1st with Nixon 2nd with Carter Saves Russia money on weapons allowing them to rebuild their economy ```

Answer 47

1978 Pope John Paul 2 Polish man behind Iron Curtain but anti-communist urges Polish to fight against communism and remain faithful to Catholic church leads to formation of Solidarity party in Poland

Answer 48

``` 1980 leader is Walesa illegal, but everyone in Poland joins is eventually repressed by Polish gov. comes back in 1987 and not put down by Gorbachev new age of liberalism in Russia ```

Answer 49

1985 comes into power as General Secretary of Russia doesn't send troops in to stop revolution in Poland wants West to help him with technology in Russia wants modernization through openness and restructuring tries cultural change before economic change issues freedoms of speech, press, other political parties, etc. ultimately fails

Answer 50

``` 1985 1st part of Gorbachev's plan "openness" allows free press, assembly, political parties, etc. Cultural part of modernization ```

Answer 51

1985 2nd part of Gorbachev's plan "restructuring" means dramatic rush of inflation in order to make Russian currency relevant knows people of Russia will endure pain because of this pain will be worth it for Russia's economy economic part of modernization

Answer 52

late 1990's to present member of KGB that is eventually put in charge of Russia Russian patriot who believes in Russian values close to Russian Orthodox church claims not communist but lets be honest... basically opposite of Knruschev

Western Civ. Final Flashcards

(76 cards)