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Western Civs. Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Chorus

A

Voice for audience

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2
Q

Hamartia

A

Flaw that causes fall of protagonist

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3
Q

Anagnorisis

A

Recognition of their own nature

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4
Q

Hubris

A

Excessive pride leads to doom

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5
Q

Catharsis

A

Pity and fear in audience, for empathetic audience to relate deeply to story

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6
Q

Aristotle’s Tragic Hero
(5 rules)

A
  1. Nobility
  2. Tragic flaw
  3. Reversal of fortune
  4. Downfall
  5. Recognition of mistake in catharsis
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7
Q

Epic Hero

A

Best of the best, everyone loves them, great warrior, travels far and receive aid from a God or battles an enemy

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8
Q

Pythagoras

A

math and astronomy

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9
Q

Aristotle

A

student of Plato and had an importance on western thoughts intellectually

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10
Q

Plato

A

wrote The Republic emphasizing that society should be ruled by highly educated “guardians” but have a philosopher king

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11
Q

Socrates

A

encouraged people to follow wisdom , followed Socratic method, forced to drink Hemlock

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12
Q

Muses

A

9 godesses that had artistic talents and were beautiful

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13
Q

Doric

A

Manly column, simple

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14
Q

Ionic

A

Feminine column, scroll-like decorations

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15
Q

Corinthian

A

Fancy column, prefered by the Greeks

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16
Q

Roman Art

A

Influenced by Greeks, more materialistic

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17
Q

Greek Art

A

women fully clothed in draped garments, Athens was center, sculptures used as propaganda in grave moments

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18
Q

Roman architecture

A

concrete-domed buildings, arch, amphitheater design

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19
Q

Greek architecture

A

tall columns, intricate detail, SYMMETRY, harmony, and balance.

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20
Q

Oedipus

A

king of Thebes, accidentally fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city and family

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21
Q

Odyssey

A

focuses on life’s greater purpose through the fulfillment of destiny, perseverance, and loyalty. Odysseus’s 10yr struggle to return home from the Trojan War wherein he faces mythical beasts, the wrath of gods

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22
Q

Rage of Achilles

A

“wrath” of Achilles is the opening word and holds true significance to whole story

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23
Q

Alexander the Great

A

created empire that after it fell, caused Hellenistic culture to spread

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24
Q

Downfall of Greece

A

The constant war divided the Greek city-states into shifting alliances, and citizens suffered. became a dictatorship and rising tension between ruling aristocracy and poorer classes

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25
Downfall of Rome
Barbarians and unstable gov.
26
Athens
Greek city-state known for their development of an early democracy
27
Sparta
Greek city-state known for its highly militarized society
28
Augustus
1st emperor during the Imperial Cult - took many measures to protect himself
29
Hellenism
blending of the Greek culture with Egyptian and Persian culture
30
Oligarchy
small group of people having control, population of slaves was bigger than privileged: politicians, aristocrats, and soldiers
31
Pax Romana
encouraged inllectual growth and propaganda, 200 yrs
32
Punic Wars with Carthage
Impact: Gives Rome hegemony over the Western Mediterranean/ enhanced Rome’s power globally/ Helped establish Rome as empire, ended by burning Carthage
33
Delian League
alliance of Greek city-states created by Poleis and dominated by Athens to stall Persian attacks
34
Democracy
gov that's ruled by the people, established in Athens (Cleisthenes!!)
35
Theocracy
political unit governed by a deity, religiously based
36
Republic
Roman where wealthy Romans elected leaders to make the government decisions
37
Roman Forum
public place where people could meet and exchange goods and ideas
38
Imperial Cities
city that is seat of empire (Rome) -ruled by military emperors
39
Spread of Christianity
bc of empire's unification and extensive road system - CONSTANTINE
40
Judaism
Monotheism, Supported by Julius Caesar and Augustus
41
Constantine
first to convert to Christianity, he signed the Edict of Milan which made Christianity the main religion of Rome, and created the city of Constantinople
42
Edict of Milan
signed by Constantine and Licinius, tolerance of Christianity with freedom of faith without persecution
43
Etruscans
first rulers of Rome
44
Ptolemaic
dynasty that ruled Egypt after Alexander's death
45
Seleucid
dynasty that ruled Asia after Alexander's death
46
Effects of the Greco-Persian War
Persia lost a lot of control and the cities of Ionia were also liberated -started a 50 yr golden age -caused a Peloponnesian War -begins an East/West side divide
47
Jewish Diaspora
migration of Jewish from their homeland bc Romans destroyed their temple and took Judea
48
Pericles
Greek politician and general during the Golden Age of Athens, democracy flourished
49
Centralization
Roman Republic was more centralized than classical Greece bc it started from single city state and became powerful
50
Julius Caesar
transformed Rome from a republic to an empire, died at the hands of the Roman senators
51
Cult of Caesar
honored Caesar after his death by Romans
52
Legal Codes
Rome: Twelve Tables, had legal concepts to help resolve conflict between patricians, the wealthy and privileged landowners, and the people
53
Spread of Disease
Greeks believed that angry Gods caused diseases, sacrifice and prayers were ways to search for remedy
54
Parthenon
temple by Pericles, center of religious life, head of the Delian League, dedicated to Athena
55
Trade
Traded through Appian Way, Silk Roads, Mediterranean
56
Role of Elites
ROME -Patricians: upper-class, made up Senate GREECE -from Athens, responsible for everything
57
Classical Greece
period between Persian wars and after Alexander's death -war and conflict -democracy was refined by Pericles
58
Eurasia
China, India, and the Mediterranean, connected by the silk road,
59
Greece Geography
SURROUNDED BY WATER Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Aegean Sea to the east. -mountains and other obstacles led to city-states
60
Diocletian
divided Roman Empire into West and East
61
Nero
murdered people, and set Rome on fire

Humanities (2 decks)

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