Wetland Design Flashcards

1
Q

Wetland Design

A
  • Hydrology
  • Soils
  • Vegetation
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2
Q

Hydrology

A

•Hydroperiod

  • Depends on the type of wetland
  • Greater variation increases chemical retention

• Hydraulic loading rate
- Recommended HLR
xx 2.5-5 cm/day surface flow wetlands
xx 6-8 cm/day subsurface flow wetlands

•Detention time

  • Optimal detention time 5 - 14 days
  • Calculations are not always realistic
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3
Q

Soils

A

• Surface flow wetlands

  • Provide structure and nutrition for the plants
  • Clay for the liner
  • Silt clay or loam soils

• Subsurface flow wetlands

  • Support rooted vegetation
  • Part of the treatment process
  • High permeability, i.e. sand or gravel

see slide 27

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4
Q

Vegetation

A

• Primary role to maintain permeability in the filter and
provide habitat for microorganisms

•Physical functions:
– Transpiration
– Flow resistance
– Particulate trapping

• Chemical processing:
– Submersed litter and stems provide surfaces for microbes
– Affects the oxygen supply in water
– C content of litter energy for denitrifiers

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5
Q

Vegetation type

A
  • Surface flow: combination of free floating, emergent, and submerged marcophytes
  • Subsurface flow: Emerging macrophytes

see slide 29

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