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Euro > Wetter > Flashcards

Wetter Flashcards

1
Q

List the general features of a low in the northern hemisphere

A
  • Low Pressure
  • Cyclone
  • Wind is counterclockwise
  • Rising air cools dry adiabatic, then moist
  • Clouds form
  • Bad Wx
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2
Q

Explain the formation of an occlusion

A

Cold front catches up with warm front and the warm air mass is lifted off the ground.

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3
Q
A

A Unstable and Cold/ Falling temperature
B Unstable and Falling temperature
C No Change
D Rising temperature
E Stable

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4
Q

There is moderate icing. What happens to thrust, lift, drag and weight of the Aircraft?

A
  • Thrust decreases
  • Lift decreases
  • Drag increases
  • Weight increases
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5
Q

State the temperature range, at which icing in clouds usually occurs.

A

0 to - 20°C

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6
Q

Which type of icing can you expect in:

  • CU/ -5°C
  • TCU/ -15°C
  • AS/ -11°C
  • FZRA
  • NS/ -25°C
A
  • Clear
  • Rime
  • Rime
  • Clear
  • No ice or Traces
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7
Q
A

D

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8
Q

List 8 Thunderstorm hazards.

A
  • Microburst
  • Lightning
  • Hail
  • Gusts close to surface
  • Severe Turbulence
  • Severe Icing
  • Rapid Reduction of visibility
  • Rapidly lowering ceiling
  • Altimeter errors
  • Radar/ Radio disturbance
  • Aquaplaning
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9
Q

What is the cause of:

a. convective turbulence?
b. mechanical turbulence

A

A Heating from below
B Strong winds above obstacles or near the surface

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10
Q

Under which circumstances a BW helicopter pilot has to submit a PIREP to ATC?

A
  • Wx is not as forecasted
  • Unusual Wx
  • Missed approach due to wx
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11
Q
A

A

  • Moderate to strong wind from 220°
  • Stratiform clouds
  • Continuous precipitation

B

  • Fine Wx for Day and Night
  • Radiation Fog can develop during night
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12
Q

Explain the expression “void after” in the wx forecast/ briefing process.

A

Time until the Takoff has to be done, otherwise the Wx will be void.

Initially 3 hours with a possible extension up to 2 hours (5 hours total)

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13
Q

Which meteorological factors have an effect on the night illumination?

A
  • Clouds
  • Precipitation
  • Ground conditions
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14
Q

Define the term “civil twilight”.

A

Time before SR or after SS when the Sun is up to 6° below the horizon.

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15
Q

When do you expect “dark night” conditions after SS?

A

When the sun is at least 16° below the horizon.

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16
Q

Explain the term “moon brightness”.

A

The moon brightness is the brightness of the horizontal ground caused by the moonlight, given in % of the full-moon-light at the average distance moon - earth in case of full zenith.

17
Q

Write down the limiting value for the NVG range for flights with night vision goggles.

A

1,5 km

18
Q

The weather forecaster expects upcoming snowfall during the planned night flight period. Astronomical illumination values will not change significantly. What is the effect for flying with NVG?

A

Strong deterioration

19
Q

The weather forecaster expects dense mist forming during the planned night flight period. Astronomical illumination values will not change significantly. What is the effect for flying with NVG?

A

Strong deterioration

20
Q
A

1900Z/ OVC 19
2100Z/ 4 octas 70
2300Z/ Clear sky 200

21
Q

Which clouds, visibility, weather phenomena and aircraft icing do you expect at the passage of a cold front type I?

A

CU, TCU, CB;
poor visibility inside clouds, good outside;
Showers, hail, thunderstorms;
Clear ice

22
Q

Where do you normally expect a squall line?

A

Warm sector ahead and parallel to a cold front

23
Q

Explain the expression “ISOL” in the weather forecast / briefing process

A

Isolated affected portion; =< 10%

24
Q

Explain the expression “LOC” in the weather forecast / briefing process

A

Locally; >10% =< 25%

25
Q

Explain the expression “FRQ” in the weather forecast / briefing process

A

Frequent; >25% < 50%

26
Q

Explain the difference between solid and dotted lines used in the area weather

A

Solid: Boundary between different prevailing conditions
Dotted: Boundary between different minimum conditions

Euro (4 decks)

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