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WFR test Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

Wilderness

A

More than 1hr from definitive care (hospital)

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2
Q

Good Samaritan Laws

A

As long as you meet these criteria, covered by GSL:
No Duty to Act
Operating in Good Faith
Working within Scope of Practice
Obtain Consent

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3
Q

Libel

A

Written defamation

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4
Q

Slander

A

Spoken defamation

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5
Q

Scene Size up 1-5

A
  1. I’m #1, is the scene safe
  2. What happened to you, MOI/NOI
  3. PPE, don’t get on Me
  4. Are there any more? Patients/resources
  5. Dead or alive, big sick or lil sick
  6. Can I fix? CONSENT
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6
Q

Primary Assessment

A

After CONSENT
X - Bleeds, quick
A - Airway: talking, anything in mouth?
B - Breathing: any troubles breathing? Feel breath
C - Circulation: quick pulse check, SCTM
D - Da spine, Da Brain, decision on C-spine & med/trauma. Check LOC.
E - Evac, Environment, Expose

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7
Q

MOI

A

Mechanism of Injury

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8
Q

NOI

A

Nature of Illness

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9
Q

Secondary Exam - Physical

A

Head to toe palpate:

Head/Neck:
Inspect nose, mouth, ears (bleeding, CSF, battle signs)
Palp scalp and face
Palp cerv spine
Expose neck for tracheal deviation

Chest:
Palp and listen to chest

Abdomen:
Inspect ab
Palp Ab in 4 quads

Ask if any genital issues

Legs/arms:
Palp
Check CSMs (have them push/squeeze, feel for pulse, check cap refill)

Back
Palp spine
Palp Flank

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10
Q

SAMPLE

A

Med History:
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications/drugs/herbs/vits
Past pertinent history
Last Ins/Outs
Events leading up (repeat story if heard)

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11
Q

OPQRST

A

Onset
Provokes/makes worse/better
Quality
Radiate
Severity
Time

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12
Q

Post assessment

A

Recheck vitals
Recheck interventions
Radio Report

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13
Q

Recheck vitals every…

A

5 min for critical patient
15 min for non-critical

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14
Q

Short report (Radio)

A

This is Laura H. with the mountaineers at X location.
With an x age x gender patient.
Chief complaint of X.
A&O x
MOI/NOI is
Vitals are stable/unstable, trending X.
Medical history of X (related).
Treatments provided X.
Plan X.

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15
Q

HR (adult)

A

60-100 bpm

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16
Q

RR (adult)

A

12-20 bpm

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17
Q

LOC

A

A&Ox

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18
Q

A&Os

A

Name
Where are you
What time is it
What happened

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19
Q

AVPU

A

Alert & Oriented x 1-4
Verbally responsive
Pain response
Unresponsive

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20
Q

BP

A

120/80 mm/hg

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21
Q

Pupils

A

PERRLA

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22
Q

PERLLA

A

Pupils are
Equal
Round
Reactive to
Light
Accomodating

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23
Q

SCTM

A

Skin Color Temp Moisture
Pink, Dry, Warm

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24
Q

Temp

A

98.6F

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25
Systolic
Max pressure of blood against arterial walls as left ventricle contracts to pump blood out
26
Diastolic
Min pressure when left ventricle relaxes and refills with blood
27
Oxygen
SpO2 = 95-100% (can be false positive with CO poisoning)
28
Lung Sounds
Check bilaterally
29
CSM
Circulation Sensation Motion Squeeze fingers, cap refill, pulse
30
Perfusion
Passage of blood/fluid thru vessels/lymph system
31
What medications can WFRs administer?
Oxygen Epinephrine
32
Most common throat obstruction
Tounge
33
NPA
Nasopharyngeal airway Aids respiration Size from nare to tip of ear Insert bevel toward septum
34
OPA
Oropharyngeal airway Insert upside down and rotate 180
35
BVM
Bag Valve Mask
36
NC
Nasal Cannula
37
Flow rate of Nasal Cannula
1-6 LPM
38
NRB
Non-rebreather Mask
39
Flow rate of NRB
15-15 LPM
40
Sign of airway obstruction
Snoring/wheezing respirations
41
When to start CPR
No HR and RR
42
Rate and ratio of CPR
100-120 bpm 30/2
43
ROSC
Return of Spontaneous Circulation
44
MI
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
45
Angina
Lack of O2 to heart
46
MI vs Angina
Angina will go away with rest MI will not
47
MI vs Cardiac Arrest
MI is Muscle problem Cardiac arrest is Electical problem
48
CPP
Coronary Perfusion Pressure
49
SOAP
Subjective: name, CC, Objective: vitals, Assessment Plan
50
Shock is
Always SECONDARY hypovolemic = loss of fluid/blood such that there is inadequate perfusion pressure
51
Treatment for Shock
Treat underlying problem O2 at 15 LPM Keep comfortable: warm Position of comfort EVAC
52
First treatment for bleeding
Direct Pressure
53
Edema
Swelling
54
How to apply a tourniquet
High and tight Wider band Mark time
55
SPINAL
Sober no Pain on Palp no distracting Injuries Neurologic Alert and Oriented x 3/4 Let Go, have them move neck and listen for creptis
56
NEXUS
An assessment for whether or not to continue spinal precautions, SPINAL SECONDARY treatment
57
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin
58
Dermis
Middle layer of skin
59
Subcutaneous
Under skin
60
Contusion
Bruise
61
Laceration
Cut
62
Tx for Puncture
Do not pack Irrigate Wrap
63
Avulsion
Flap of skin
64
Rule of 9s
Chest 9 Abs 9 Back 18 Arms 9 each Legs 18 each Genitals 1 Head 9
65
Main concern with burns is
Hypothermia due to loss of heat control
66
Tx Burn
Remove heat source Remove clothes, jewlery Apply dry, clean, non adherent dressing
67
Circumfrential burn
Auto EVAC Can become tourniquet
68
Time frame when wounds can develop local infection
24-72 hours
69
Tendon
Muscle to Bone
70
Ligament
Bone 2 Bone
71
Strain
Tendon tear
72
Sprain
Ligament tear
73
5 qualities of good splint
Immobilize the joints/bones above and below the broken bone/joint Padded Adjustable Rigid CSMs
74
When applying splint check CSMs
Before and After
75
What is a contraindication for a KTD (traction device for femur)
Tib/fib fracture in same leg
76
Medical Rights
Right patient Right dose Right time Right drug Right route Right documentation
77
Signs of hyperdiabetes
Flushed red skin, fruity breath, high urination
78
HAPE Sx
Shortness of breath at rest Pink frothy mucus High HR and RR Bad sleep
79
Cushing's Triad
Low HR High BP Irregular RR Sign of increase in ICP
80
ICP
Intercranial pressure
81
Epistaxis
Nosebleed, pinch and lean FWD
82
Giardia and E.coli
Protozoa and bacteria
83
Upper Right Quadrant
Liver Gallbladder Part of large intestine Pancreas
84
Upper Left Quadrant
Stomach Spleen Large intestine
85
Lower Right
Appendix Small intestines
86
Kidneys are in
Flanks
87
Epinephrine cases
Vaso constriction Bronchial dilation
88
Distal
Away from
89
Cease CPR after X minutes in wilderness
30
90
Angina v MI
Angina will go away with rest after 10 min or so
91
Categories of triage
Red - Immediate - priority 1 Yellow - Delayed, priority 2 Green - Walking wounded, priority 3 Black/stripes, Expected, priorty 4
92
BEAM lift requires
7 people minimum
93
Pneumothorax
Air in chest cavity
94
Hemothorax
Blood in chest cavity
95
Scope is what your X Protocols are what you're Y
X - trained to do Y - allowed to do
96
What type of dislocations can WFRs reduce in wilderness?
Anterior shoulder Patella Finger
97
If you had to leave patient, what position would you leave them?
Recovery position
98
Sx of infection
Fever, redness, swelling, puss
99
A drug contraindication may cause harm or have no effect, T or F
True
100
FAST =
Cincinnati Stroke Scale
101
Anterior
Front
102
Prone
Face down
103
Mittelschmerz
Pain btwn menstrual cycles when ovary releases egg, sudden sharp, severe, bloody vaginal discharge
104
How far away is lightning?
Count the seconds between hearing thunder and seeing lightning, divide by 5 = miles away.
105
Tx Poison Ivy
Wash everything with soapy water
106
Tx Snake Bites
Make sure scene is safe, WALK away Sit down Remove rings and watches Circle bite location woth sharpie to moniter growth EVAC
107
In marine emergencies what is the first thing to do
Apply vinegar to wound and animal to deactivate
108
Best way to remove a tick
Gently pull on base of head with tweezers
109

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