WH 3rd 9 weeks Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
French king who ruled for over 70 years and was an absolute ruler when he took over for his advisor
A
Louis XIV
2
Q
government by men who sit at desks
A
bureaucracy
3
Q
Louis XIV’s advisor
A
Mazarin
4
Q
French term for middle class
A
bourgeoisie
5
Q
first permanent French colony in America
A
Quebec
6
Q
Louis XIV’s two wars that he participated in
A
War of the League of Augsburg and War of the Spanish Succession
7
Q
- ended the War of the League of Augsburg
- ended the War of the Spanish Succession
A
- Treaty of Ryswick
- Treaty of Utrecht
8
Q
a movement that attempted to apply unaided human philosophy to all areas of man’s life in order to establish a new social order
A
The Age of Enlightenment (French)
9
Q
“Father of Enlightenment”
A
Voltaire
10
Q
idea that man’s reason is the sole criteria for truth
A
rationalism
11
Q
Father of the French Romanticism
A
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
12
Q
idea that man’s emotions and imagination is the basic truth
A
romanticism
13
Q
editor of the encyclopedia
A
Denis Diderot
14
Q
three estates of France
A
- first estate = the clergy
- second estate = the nobility
- third estate = everyone else
15
Q
the National Assembly ended the lords’ privileges of collecting land taxes from peasants, and other feudalistic privileges they had through this document
A
August 4 Decrees
16
Q
- most influential man in the French government at the time
- group he was involved with that held extensive police powers
A
- Maximilian Robespierre
- Committee of Public Safety
17
Q
hero to France welcomed after the French revolted against the government and Robespierre was removed
A
Napoleon
18
Q
Napoleon’s government
A
the Consulate
19
Q
battle where the British destroyed a combined French and Spanish fleet
A
Battle of Trafalgar
20
Q
the greatest victory of Napoleon’s career
A
Battle of Austerlitz
21
Q
Napoleon’s thing that forbade the importation of British goods into any European country
A
“Continental System”
(Czar Alexander I of Russia withdrew first)
22
Q
Napoleon was defeated at this battle after his failed Russian campaign; combined European forces beat him
A
Battle of Leipzig (he was exiled to Elba)
23
Q
Napoleon’s final defeat in Belgium
A
Battle of Waterloo (Duke of Wellington led the combined British and Prussian armies to victory)
24
Q
Napoleon’s final exile
A
St. Helena
25
first Stuart monarch
James I
26
Parliament supporters in the English civil war
roundheads
27
kings supporters in the English civil war
cavaliers
28
commander of the Parliament's army in the Eng. civil war
Oliver Cromwell
29
the last Stuart monarch and her most famous accomplishment
Queen Anne; United Kingdom
30
man who was concerned about the spiritual coldness of moral consciousness in Germany
Philipp Spener
31
Massachusetts preacher, one of America’s greatest influences of the Great Awakening; preached "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"
Jonathan Edwards
32
best-known Great Awakening evangelist
George Whitefield
33
the time during 17th and 18th centuries when England became susceptible to the Enlightenment
Age of Reason (England)
34
greatest English revivalist
John Wesley
35
one of the great Christian statesmen of English history who reformed manners
William Wilberforce
36
"Father of the Sunday School Movement"
Robert Raikes
37
"Father of Modern Missions"
William Carey
38
"Father of American Missions"
Adoniram Judson
39
greatest British navigator and explorer of the age
Captain James Cook
40
first true prime minister of England
Robert Walpole
41
first president of the United States
George Washington
42
a time of dramatic changes in agriculture, industry, and technology
Industrial Revolution (aka Age of Industry)
43
growing just enough food to feed your own family
subsistence farming
44
invented the mechanical reaper
Cyrus McCormick
45
cotton gin
Eli Whitney
46
coal-burning steam engine
James Watt
47
miner's safety lamp
Sir Humphry Davy
48
inexpensive iron to steel process
Henry Bessemer
49
first practical steamship
Robert Fulton
50
electric telegraph
Samuel Morse
51
first practical steam-powered locomotive
George Stephenson
52
first modern automobiles
Karl Benz / Henry Ford
53
an economic system of free enterprise that supports private ownership of production, private investments, and lets the market determine the price, production, and distribution
capitalism
54
1. oil industry giant
2. steel industry giant
3. banking giant
4. love of mankind
1. John D. Rockefeller
2. Andrew Carnegie
3. J. P. Morgan
4. philanthropy
55
married Queen Victoria and became the prince consort
Prince Albert
56
1. party of the middle class of England
2. party of the nobility / wealthy people of England
1. liberals
2. conservatives
57
greatest Victorian preacher; "Prince of Preachers"
Charles Haddon Spurgeon
58
greatest British missionary to China
J. Hudson Taylor
59
1. founded orphanages
2. founded the Salvation Army
3. single-handedly created the modern nursing profession
1. George Muller
2. William Booth
3. Florence Nightingale
60
revolt in India where they rebelled against the loss of traditions and autonomy
Sepoy Rebellion
61
most famous African explorer
David Livingstone
62
first independent African republic
Liberia
63
two nations established by the Boers (farmers from the Netherlands)
Transvaal and the Orange Free State
64
British prime minister of the Cape colonies who led to the Boer War
Cecil Rhodes
65
1. native New Zealanders
2. native Australians
1. Maoris
2. Aborigines
66
Victoria's son who was the next king of England
Edward VII
67
the idea that matter is the only reality and that everything in the world, including thought, will, and feeling, must be explained in terms of matter
materialism
68
idea man came from a common ancestor
evolution / Darwinism
69
the idea that the government should own or at least control a nation’s economy in order to provide for the needs of the people
socialism
70
the belief that the Bible is merely a beautiful myth and full of errors. More concerned with social injustices
modernism
71
a desire to break loose from established governments and rule themselves based on what was seen as “natural” boundaries of national origin
revolutionary nationalism
72
German philosopher who developed idealism and relativism
Immanuel Kant
73
name of the 38 larger states formed instead of hundreds of tiny states in the Holy Roman Empire
German Confederation
74
"The Liberator" of Latin American countries
Simon Bolivar
75
U.S. warning to Europe to not intervene in Latin America
Monroe Doctrine
76
government of France that stuck
Third Republic
77
organized Young Italy, a secret society aimed at insurrection and unification through violence
Giuseppe Mazzini
78
organized a paramilitary group known as the Red Shirts
Giuseppe Garibaldi
79
first king of a united Italy
Victor Emmanuel II
80
unified the states in the German Confederation
Otto von Bismarck
81
first emperor of a united Germany
King Wilhelm
82
first king of Hungary and the emperor of Austria
Francis Joseph I
83
quantum theory of matter and energy
Max Planck
84
"the Father of Nuclear Science"
Ernest Rutherford
85
planetary model of the atom
Niels Bohr
86
theories of relativity
Albert Einstein
87
best-remember agricultural scientist
George Washington Carver
88
Cuban physician theorized that mosquitoes cause yellow fever
Dr. Carlos Finlay
89
dirigible
Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
90
first successful airplane flight
Wilbur and Orville Wright
91
first radio station
KDKA
92
Russian leader who drove out the Mongols and became the first true national leader of a united Russia
Ivan III (Ivan the Great)
93
Russian leader known for cruelty
Ivan the Terrible
94
Russian leader who embraced feudalism
Ivan the Terrible (4)
95
began the Romanov dynasty
Michel Romanov
96
Russian leader who was the most capable Romanov
Peter the Great
97
Russian leader who desired to rule by reason/benevolence
Catherine the Great
98
Russian leader who owned Alaska for a while before selling it
Alexander I
99
Russian leader who ruled during the Decembrist Revolution and the Crimean War
Nicholas I
100
Czar Liberator of Russia
Alexander II
101
Russian leader who sought to crush opposition
Alexander III (blamed Jews for his father's death)
102
Russia's elected legislative body
Duma
103
Russian leader who ruled during the Russian Revolution until he was killed with his family
Nicholas II
104
two forms of revolutionaries in Russia
Mensheviks and Bolsheviks
105
Lenin's secret police organization
Cheka
106
two sides of the Russian Civil War
Red Russians (Communists) vs. White Russians
107
ruled after Lenin
Joseph Stalin
108
failed attempt to invade Germany through the back door
Gallipoli Campaign
