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WH Definitions Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Nullipara

A

a woman who has never been pregnant beyond 20 weeks gestation

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2
Q

Gravid

A

the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome

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3
Q

Para / parity

A

the number of babies born >20 weeks gestation

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4
Q

Gx Px

A 
Gx = the number of times a woman has been pregnant 
Px = the number of babies born to a woman >20 weeks g estation
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5
Q

Abortion / miscarriage

A

loss of a pregnancy at less than 20 weeks gestation

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6
Q

Labour

A

regular paunful uterine contractions associated with cervical changes (effacement, dilation…) > 20 weeks gestation

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7
Q

Preterm labour

A

labour at less than 37weeks gestation

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8
Q

Lower uterine segment casarean section

A

operative delivery of a baby via a transverse incision through the lower segment of the uterus

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9
Q

Classical caesarean section

A

operative delivery of a baby through a vertical incision in the upper uterine segment

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10
Q

Hysterotomy

A

operative delivery of a baby

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11
Q

PROM

prelabour rupture of membranes

A

rupture of membranes prior to the onset of labour

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12
Q

Premature prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM)

A

prelabour rupture of membranes at less than 37 weeks gestation

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13
Q

ARM/AROM

A

artificial rupture of membranes

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14
Q

SPROM

A

spontaneous rupture of membranes

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15
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions

A

painless uterine contractions in the antenatal period

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16
Q

Naegles rule

A

can estimate the period of confinement by 9mo + 7wks after a woman’s LMP

*needs to be adjusted for women whose cycles are not 28days

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17
Q

First stage of labour

A

from onset of labour –> full cervical dilation

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18
Q

Second stage of labour

A

from full cervical dilation –> delivery of baby

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19
Q

Third stage of labour

A

from delivery of baby –> delivery of placenta + membranes

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20
Q

Spurious / false labour

A

+/- regular and/or painful uterine contractions not associated with any cervical changes (dilation, effacement…)

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21
Q

Oxytocic

A

agents stimulating uterine contraction

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22
Q

Tocolytic

A

agents halting uterine contractions

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23
Q

Induction of labour

A

process of causing labour to commence

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24
Q

Augmentation of labour

A

enhancing/stimulating labour that has already started

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25
Placenta praevia
placenta is covering the internal cervical os in late second/third trimester of pregnancy
26
Vasa praevia
foetal vessels lying in the membrnaes in front of the presenting part
27
Antepartum haemorrhage
bleeding >5mL from the vagina >20wks gestation
28
Abruption
placenta comes away from the uterine wall in the antenatal / intrapartum period
29
PPH | postpartum haehmorrhage
loss of >500mL of blood
30
Seondary PPH | postpartum haemorrhage
loss of >500mL of blood >24h following delivery
31
Placenta accreta
placenta invades the myometrium
32
Uterine atony
abnormal relaxation of the uterus following delivery -- usually results in bleeding
33
Isoimmunisation
blood group antibodies cross the placenta --> haemolysis of foetal blood cells Ab include: - D - c - K (kell) - Kidd - Duffy - etc...
34
CTG
cardiotocograph
35
Neonatal death
death 20weeks gestation / >400g birthweight (if gestation is unknown)
36
Stillbirth
infant who shows no signs of life at birth >20 weeks gestation / >400g birthweight (if gestation is unknown)
37
Perinatal mortality rate
stillbirths / neonatal deaths per 1000 birthds
38
Maternal death
death of a woman while pregnant (regardless of gestational age) or
39
Maternal mortality rate
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
40
Infant death
death of a baby >28 days,
41
Station
level of descent of the presenting part relative to the pelvic brim / symthesis on abdominal palpation / to the ischial spines on vaginal examination
42
Lie
relationship between the long axis of the foestus + uterus | longitudinal, oblique, transverse
43
Position
relationship of a defined area of the presenting part (DENOMINATOR) to the mother's pelvis e. g. in cephalic presentation, denominator = occiput --> OA (occipito-anterio), OP (posterior), L/ROT (left/right transverse) e. g. in breech the denominator is the sacrum (SA, SP, L/RST)
44
Presentation
the part of the foetus presenting (e.g. vertex, breech)
45
Asynclitism
side to side tilt of foetal head
46
Caput
oedema from obstructed venous return in foetal scalp during pregnancy (due to pressure of head against cervic)
47
Cervical incompetence
painless dilation of cervix >20weeks gestation resulting in preterm labour
48
cord prolapse
cord is alongside / below the presenting part in the presence of ruptured membranes
49
episiotomy
surgical incision of perineum during second stage of labour
50
Third degree tear
perineal trauma including - vaginal mucosa - perineal muscles - external anal sphincter
51
second degree tear
perineal trauma including - vaginal mucosa - perineal muscles
52
Lochia
vaginal discharge during peuperium
53
puerperium
period (usually ~6weeks following delivery) where maternal reproductive organs return to original pre-pregnant size
54
quickening
maternal impression of foetal movement
55
restitution
rotation of foetal head after delivery to align with the back + shoulders
56
Show
vaginal discharge of blood + mucus in early labour / the days preceding labour
57
Phototherapy
use of standard fluorescent white light / blue light to photoisomerise bilirubin to allow its excretion
58
exchange transfusion
blood is removed + replaced with donor blood to treat severe newborn pathological jaundice (removes bili + antibodies causing haemolysis + jaundice)
59
low birthweight baby
BW
60
very low birthweight baby
BW
61
Neonatal respiratory distress
tachypnoea, increased WOB, noisy breathing, and cyanosis in the neonatal period
62
Caesarean hysterectomy
laparotomy where contents of the gravid uterus are delivered + the uterus is excised (e.g. due to placenta accreta)
63
perimortem CS
C-section performed on a moribund/dead woman with the view to preserving her life
64
abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)
disturbed menstrual bleeding including bleeding that is abnormally heavy / timed
65
primary amenorrhoea
no onset periods
66
secondary amenorrhea
absence of periods for >6 month period
67
intermenstrual bleeding
bleeding between normally-timed menstrual periods (random / following cyclic pattern)
68
irregular menstrual bleeding
unpredictable onset of menstrual periods with cycle variation >20 days over a period of >1y
69
prolonged menstrual bleeding
menstruation >8days
70
Acute AUB | abnormal uterine bleeding
episode of heavy bleeding that is sufficiently heavy (in clinician's opinion) to warrant treatment to prevent further blood loss
71
chronic AUB | abnormal uterine bleeding
bleeding from uterine corpus that is abnormal in volume, duration +/ frequency + has been present for most of the past 6mo
72
Heavy menstrual bleeding
excessive menstrual blood loss blood loss that interferes with woman's physical, social, emotional, or materal QOL n.b. definition includes excessive as per the patient
73
Dysmenorrhea
pain during menstruation
74
Dyspareunia
pain during sexual intercourse
75
Cervical excitation
pain during movement of the cervix during vaginal examination
76
Cervical ectropion
endocervical columnar epithelium protrudes through external cervical os --> into the vaginal portion of the cervix
77
infertility
failure of a couple to conceive after 1y of trying
78
endometriosis
presence of endometrium outside of the uterus (usually pelvic/peritoneal surfaces)
79
adenomyosis
presence of endometrium in the myometrium
80
PID
inflammation of - uterus - fallopian tubes - pelvis
81
menopause
final menstrual period
82
premature menopaise
menopause at less than 40yo
83
climacteric / perimenopause
period of decline in ovarian function + onset of menopausal symptoms
84
post menopause
time following menopuase
85
Lactational amenorrhoea
effective contraception when a woman is fully breastfeeding a baby
86
oligohydramnios
reduced amniotic fluid
87
polyhydramnios
increased amniotic fluid
88
pre-eclampsia
HTN + proteinuria during pregnancy
89
eclampsia
a seizure in the setting of pre-eclampsia (HTN + Proteinuria during pregnancy)
90
amniocentesis
sampling of amniotic fluid via a needle through the woman's abdominal wall
91
CVS (chorionic villus sampling)
sampling of the chorion (placenta) using a US-guided needle
92
retain placenta
placenta still in utero 1h+ after delivery of the baby
93
precipitate labour
labour of less than 4h duration
94
shoulder dystocia
difficulty delivery the shoulder after delivery of the head

WH Definitions (1 decks)

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