What antibiotics fight which bacteria? Flashcards
(23 cards)
What 4 types of antibiotics are mainly used against G+ve bacteria?
- Macrolides
- Tetracylines
- gleicopeptides
- Linezolid
What bacteria do macrolides cover?
•Azythromycin
•clarythromycin
•erythromycin
Cover G+ve and atypicals
What bacteria do the tetracyclines cover? •doxycycline •tetracycline •minocyclin •oxy-tetracyclin
Limited uses due to resistance.
•Some G+ve skin infections
•Some MRSA
•Cover some atypicals
- Chlamydia trachtoatis
- Atypical pneumonia
- Pneumococcus
What bacteria do glycopeptides cover?
•vancomycin
•teicoplanin
Nearly all G+ve bacteria!!!!!!!!
What does linezolid cover?
Covers nearly all G+ve bacteria including MRSA and VRE!
What are the 3 major antibiotic resitances?
- MRSA → methicillin resistant staph. aureus
- ESBL → Extended spectrum beta lactamase carriers
- VRE → Vancomycin resistant entrococci
What are the antibiotics used mainly for G-ve bacteria?
- Quinolones
* Aminoglycosides
What bacteria do Quinolones cover? •Ciprofloxacin •ofloxacin •norfloxacin •levofloxacin
- Mainly G-ve bacteria incl. Pseudomonas aeringosa!!!
- only oral agent for pseudomonas
- associated with C.diff colonisation
What bacteria do aminoglycosides cover?
•Gentamicin
•amikicin
- G-ve including psudemonas.
* Lvls need to be measured as it is both nephrotoxic and ototoxic.
What are the important beta-lactams?
- Penicillins
- cephalosporins
- mono-bactams
- carbapenems
What antibiotics cover both G-ve and G+ve bacteria?
Beta-lactams
What negative side effect do Cephalosporins appear to be associated with?
C.Diff
What do the penicillins cover?
- Penicillin V
- Benzylpenicillin
- Narrow spectrum
- Streptococci
- Neisseria menigitidis
What does Flucloxacillin cover?
Staphylococcus aureus (not MRSA)
What do Amoxicillin/ampicillin cover?
- Broader spectrum penicillin
- Streptococci,enterococci + some G-ve
- Respiratory infections but no atypicals
What do the carbapenems cover?
- VERY broad spectrum.
- G+ve & G-ve
- pseudomonas, anaerobes & ESBL
What do you treat MRSA with?
•Glycopeptides
- Vancomycin
- Teicolanin
•Linezolid
•tetracyclinesWhat do you treat VRE with?
not vancomycin :D
- Linezolid
- sometimes if susceptible amoxicillin
What do you treat Anaerobes with?
Metronidazole
What do you treat pseudamonas aeringosa with?
- Quinolones → ciprofloxacin
- 3rd generation cephalosporins → ceftazidime
- Tazocin
- Carbapenems
- Aminoglycasides → Gentamicin
What do you treat atypicals with?
- Macrolides
- quinolones
- tetracycline
- rifampicin
What do you treat ESBL carries with?
- Carbapenems
* aminoglycasides
What are the pathogens that normally carry ESBL?
- E.coli
* Klebsiella
