What Are The Push And Pull Factors For The Industrial Relocation

Question 1

Push factors of Hong Kong (1)

Answer 1

Increase in wages

Wages of manufacturing workers in
Hong Kong have been increasing
rapidly since the 1980s.
Rising labour costs was a heavy burden to labour-intensive industries.

Question 2

Push factors of Hong Kong (2)

Answer 2

Rise in land rent

The land rent is high in Hong Kong.
This has raised the production cost of manufacturing industries. It is also
difficult for industries to expand their
scale of production.

Question 3

Push factors of Hong Kong (3)

Answer 3

Lack of government support

The government did not give enough support for local manufacturers. Tax allowances and interest-free loans were absent. Besides, the enforcement of anti-pollution laws in
the 1980s motivated many manufacturers to move their factories to the Zhujiang Delta Region.

Question 4

Pull factors of the Zhujiang Delta Region (1)

Answer 4

Lower wages

The Zhujiang Delta Region has a large population with an abundant supply of labour. The wages were much lower than those in Hong Kong.

Question 5

Pull factors of the Zhujiang Delta Region (2)

Answer 5

Cheaper land rent

There is plenty of flat land in the Zhujiang Delta Region. Cheaper land rent reduces production cost. Expansion of plants is also possible at a lower cost.

Question 6

Pull factors of the Zhujiang Delta Region (3)

Answer 6

Favourable government policies

In 1978, the Chinese government set up Special Economic Zones in Shenzhen and Zhuhai. Tax allowances were offered to attract overseas investors. Pollution controls
were also less strict in the mainland.

Question 7

Pull factors of the Zhujiang Delta Region (4)

Answer 7

Close to Hong Kong
The Zhujiang Delta Region is close to Hong Kong. It is convenient for
manufacturers to travel to the mainland to manage the operation of factories.