What features make structures resistant to earthquakes?

Question 1

Most earthquakes are too weak to be noticed? (T/F)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Earthquakes that cause extreme damage, such as buildings and roads might break apart and bridges might collapse. (T/F)

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Seismologists use ___________ to identify and map the epicenters of earthquakes.

Answer 3

Seismometers

Question 4

Seismologists use information from seismometers to…..

Answer 4

describe how rocks along the faults has moved over time AND let people know about the threat of possible earthquakes.

Question 5

New ____________ can warn people that an earthquake is coming.

Answer 5

technology

Question 6

The warning gives people __________, or ____________, notice of an earthquake’s arrival.

Answer 6

seconds, or minutes

Question 7

The new technology that warn people of earthquakes works by first detecting ______________ waves from a break at a fault.

Answer 7

longitudinal

Question 7

The sensors analyze the data and determine the _______________________

Answer 7

size and location of an earthquake.

Question 7

Earthquake safety: If you are indoors:

Answer 7

duck under a table or doorway.

Question 8

The system sends a messages stating ________________

Answer 8

the intensity AND when the earthquake will happen.

Question 8

Earthquake safety: Look out the window to see what is happening. (T/F)

Answer 8

FALSE - Stay away from external walls and windows

Question 9

Earthquake safety: If you are outdoors:

Answer 9

Stay away from trees, powerlines and any structures that might fall down.

Question 10

Earthquake safety: People CAN stop an earthquake from occurring. (T/F)

Answer 10

False - People CANNOT stop an earthquake, but they can take steps to reduce the damage.

Question 11

Earthquake safety: You can ________ _________ __________ to use as shelter during an earthquake.

Answer 11

identify safe places

Question 12

Safe Structures: Materials such as bricks and concrete blocks crumble easily when shaken. They are best for earthquake areas. (T/F)

Answer 12

False - Reinforced concrete, metal and wood work better because they can be tied to other parts of the building and do not crumble.

Question 13

_________ (Taller or Shorter) buildings might be less likely to be damaged in an earthquake. _________ (Tall or Short) buildings can also remain stable during an earthquake.

Answer 13

Short________Tall

Question 14

Very tall buildings are more ___________ than shorter buildings.

Answer 14

Flexible

Question 15

Buildings that are more flexible are __________________ (less or more) likely to collapse.

Answer 15

Less

Question 16

Placing layers of ____________ and ____________, or motion dampeners, at the the base of bridges can reduce damage from earthquakes.

Answer 16

rubber and steel

Question 17

Sections of bridges can be joined by rubber joints that allow the bridge to ______ during earthquakes.

Answer 17

sway

Question 18

Rubber joints make bridges more _____________.

Answer 18

flexible

Question 19

___________ and __________ study earthquakes to design safe buildings.

Answer 19

Architects and scientists

Question 20

A building needs to resist _________ _________ during an earthquake.

Answer 20

Lateral forces

Question 21

Lateral Forces are forces that come from the ___________.

Answer 21

side

Question 22

The frame of a building can resist lateral forces by __________.

Answer 22

Bracing

Question 23

Bracing is made of ___________ pieces connecting beams and columns.

Answer 23

diagonal

Question 24

Bracing comes in several shapes. Examples include the letters _________ and ________.

Answer 24

X & K

Question 25

Buildings can resist lateral forces with ______ walls - a stiff wall made of braced panels.

Answer 25

Shear wall

Question 26

Some tall buildings have a _________ core, such as a stairwell or elevator shaft with a shear wall on each side.

Answer 26

shear core

Question 27

Architects and engineers decide the size of a shear wall based on _______________

Answer 27

their calculations of potential lateral forces.

Question 28

Another way for a tall building to resist lateral forces is with a __________, which is a mass that can weight over a million pounds!

Answer 28

damper

Question 29

It is attached to the building on the _________ of the top floors, but moves ______________ from the building.

Answer 29

inside…… independently

Question 30

The damper makes the building move more from lateral forces. (T/F)

Answer 30

FALSE - The damper makes the building move LESS from lateral forces.