what is biochemistry? Flashcards
Define Biochem and name the four major classes of biomolecules
(1)The structures, functions and metabolism of the four major classes of biomolecules
(2)biochem connects genome to phenome through the various “omes”
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
proteins are monomers of?
amino acids
nucleic acids are monomers of?
nucleotides
polysaccharides are monomers of?
monosaccharides
Functions of proteins…
metabolic reactions store energy (less) support cellular structures
Functions of nucleic acids…
encode information metabolic reactions (less) support cellular structures
Functions of polysaccharides…
encode information (less) store energy support cellular structures (less)
Functions of lipids…
store energy
support cellular structures
Biochemistry is a ______ discipline
reductionist
Four major “omes” = ?
genome (DNA)
transcriptome (mRNA)
proteome (proteins)
metabolome (subtrates and metabolites)
Metabolism functions to maintain ______
homeostasis
photosynthesis is an example of what kind of metabolism?
anabolism–biosynthesis of larger molecules
Cellular respiration is an example of what kind of metabolism?
catabolism–degradation of molecules to capture and utilize energy
∆G less than 0
exergonic, the reaction is spontaneous (∆G=∆H-T∆S)
∆G>0
endergonic, reaction is not spontaneous
what sign of ∆H is favoured for enthalpy?
negative
what sign of ∆S is favoured for entropy?
positive
What does thermodynamics predict?
whether a rxn CAN proceed, not whether it will, it also depends on kinetics
True or false: thermodynamically living systems are best described as being at equilibrium.
FALSE. living systems are in a steady state going toward minimum enthalpy and maximum entropy.
units: mega kilo milli micro nano pico femto
(M) 10^6 (k) 10^3 (m) 10^-3 (µ) 10^-6 (n) 10^-9 (p) 10^-12 (f) 10^-15
