What Is Chemistry 101 day 1

Question 1

What is Chemistry

Answer 1

Central Science
Study of matter and its changes
Plays a role in all other sciences

Question 2

What is matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and takes up space (mass & volume)

Question 3

Chemistry areas of study are

Answer 3

1) health & medicine- drugs/pharmaceutical/.
treat disease
2) energy & environment- nuclear/geothermal/
wind power/new&efficient power sources
3) materials & technology- computers-faster/
smaller/nano tech
4) food & agriculture-bioengineering/organic

Question 4

5 branches of chemistry

Answer 4

Organic
Inorganic
Biochemical
Physical
Analytical

Question 5

Organic

Answer 5

Carbon compounds

Question 6

Inorganic

Answer 6

Non-carbon compounds

Question 7

Biochemistry

Answer 7

How living things function

Question 8

Physical chemistry

Answer 8

Studies physical properties
(things you can measure & observe)

Question 9

Analytical chemistry

Answer 9

Studies components of substances like:

What makes up tooth paste

Question 10

Mixture

Answer 10

2 or more compounds

Question 11

Compound

Answer 11

2 or more elements

Question 12

All branches of chemistry employ the:

Answer 12

Scientific Method

Question 13

Scientific Method

Answer 13

A systematic approach to research using measurements : quantitative (numbers&units)
& characteristic properties : qualitative (descriptions & observations)

Question 14

Scientific Method Step 1

Answer 14

Define the problem

Question 15

Scientific Method Step 2

Answer 15

Set up a hypothesis (educated guess)

Question 16

Scientific Method Step 3

Answer 16

Set up experiments & collect DATA (quantitative & qualitative)

Question 17

Scientific Method Step 4

Answer 17

Organize Data into logical patterns
(line/ bar/ pie graphs)

Question 18

Scientific Method Step 5

Answer 18

Make conclusions:
The hypothesis was correct or incorrect

Make a theory, model, or natural log

Question 19

Quantitative

Answer 19

Measurements: #
Includes numbers & units

Question 20

Qualitative

Answer 20

Characteristics / properties
(Descriptions & observations)

Question 21

Classifications of Matter

Answer 21

1) Substance
2) Mixture
3) Element

Question 22

Homogeneous

Answer 22

Uniform throughout
Example: Air= 5 gases in a uniform mixture

Air, Salt Water, Soda, Gatorade

Question 23

Heterogeneous

Answer 23

Not uniform

Ex: OJ with pulp, rice pudding, oil & water, beach sand, a human being, a dog)

Question 24

3 States of Matter

Answer 24

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 25

Substance

Answer 25

Has a constant composition & specific properties Taste - salt & sugar, water Smell - sulfur, ammonia, bleach, vinegar Sight- gold, silver, water

Question 26

Pure Substance

Answer 26

Elements or Compounds (2 or more elements)

Question 27

Air

Answer 27

5 gases in a uniform mixture =homogeneous

Question 28

Mixture

Answer 28

2 or more substances 1) homogeneous 2) heterogeneous

Question 29

Elements

Answer 29

Substances that cannot be separated or broken down

Question 30

5th Century BC 4 elements claimed by Greeks

Answer 30

Fire, earth, water, air

Question 31

4th Century BC Chinese claimed 5 elements

Answer 31

Fire, earth, water, metal, wood

Question 32

Who claimed there was no pre-conceived # of elements, unlimited # of elements

Answer 32

Robert Boyle 1661

Question 33

Who organized the periodic table 500 years after there was a claim there are no preconceived # of elements?

Answer 33

Mendeleev

Question 34

Element Symbol Properties

Answer 34

1 or 2 letters 1st letter capitol 2nd letter always lower case Examples: Co - Cobalt Not an Element = CO = compound - Carbon Monoxide

Question 35

Things element names were derived from:

Answer 35

1) Property in another language Ex. Rubidium= Red Ruby, Chlorine = Greek Chloros (green/yellow) 2) Place of Discovery Ex. Cf (California), Ge, Fr, BK 3) Ytterby, Sweden- 4 elements: Y, Yb, Er, Tb 4) Planets & Mythology-Plutonium, Np, Pm, Pu 5) after noted scientists - Es (Einsteinium) #99 Bh (Bohrium) #107

Question 36

Which scientist does not have an element named after him?

Answer 36

Isaac Newton

Question 37

Ytterby, Sweden 4 elements named after

Answer 37

1) Y Yttrium- is a silvery-white, soft, and ductile transition metal with the atomic number 39 2) Yb Ytterbium- is a soft, silvery, ductile, and malleable rare-earth metal with the atomic number 70 3) Er Erbium- is a rare earth element (REE) with the atomic number 68. It's a soft, silvery-gray metal that's the fourth heaviest REE 4) Tb Terbium- REE 65 65. It's a soft, silvery-white, malleable, and ductile element that can be cut with a knife

Question 38

Elements named after Planets & Mythology

Answer 38

1) Plutonium 2) Np 3) Pm - Prometheus God that gave humans fire 4) Uranium, Plutonium, Neptunium, Promethium 5) Cf Californium, Fr Francium, Bk Berkelium, Ge Germanium

Question 39

Elements named after noted Scientists

Answer 39

Es Einsteinium #99 Bh Bohrium #109

Question 40

Length

Answer 40

Meter M

Question 41

Mass

Answer 41

Kilograms Kg

Question 42

Temperature

Answer 42

Kelvin K

Question 43

Time

Answer 43

Seconds S

Question 44

Volume

Answer 44

m^3 cubic meters Length x width x height

Question 45

Speed

Answer 45

Distance over time Length / Time

Question 46

Density

Answer 46

Mass/Volume D=M/V Kg/m^3

Question 47

Weight & mass is measured by the

Answer 47

Gravitational pull

Question 48

Degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit

Answer 48

(9/5xdegrees Celsius)+ 32 = degrees Fahrenheit 9/5*C + 32 = *F

Question 49

Degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius

Answer 49

(*F - 32)(5/9) = *C

Question 50

Degrees Celsius to Kelvin

Answer 50

273 + *C = Kelvin Degrees

Question 51

Scientists Elements

Answer 51

Einstein Es Fermr Fm (Fermium) Bohr Bh Bohrium

Question 52

Physical property

Answer 52

Measured or observed Changes to a different form of the same substance (liquid to a gas)

Question 53

Chemical

Answer 53

How something reacts to become something different Ex- changes color is chemical

Question 54

Absolute 0

Answer 54

Lowest theoretically attainable temperature 38 pico Kelvin’s

Question 55

Significant figures

Answer 55

All numbers that are not 0 If it starts with 0, u don’t start counting until u get to a number Zeros in the center and at the end count, as long as it starts with a number other than 0