what is condition? introduction/aetiology (causes)/epidemiology (instance)

Question 1

Tension Pneumothorax

Answer 1

Life threatening condition that results in a build up of air within the lungs intrapleural space, which can lead to compression of the heart and great vessels if left untreated. (caroline)

Question 2

Flail chest

Answer 2

Evidence of soft tissue injurey to the chest, paradoxial chest movement, on palpitation creps and tenderness may be noted at the site and dissection of air into the tissues should raise suspician.

Question 3

Simple Pneumothorax

Answer 3

If pt is upright air will accumulate at the highest point and dimished sounds over the effected side.
High 02 will help the body absorb the air from the plural space, either reducing the phneu. or slowing the rate of expansion.

Question 4

Open Pheumothorax

Answer 4

Chest wall defect or impailed object, air is drawn into the chest by the negitive insperatory pressure. (sucking chest wound)
The movement of air in and out may also lead to dissection of that air within the subcutaneous emphysema.

Question 5

Massive Haemothorax

Answer 5

Blood begins to accumulate between the pleural space, rib fractures and injuries to the lungs are most common sources of this injury. other injuries can include; injuries to the liver, spleen, aorta, arteries and vessels. (caroline)
The major prob is the development of hypovolemic shock and resp. compromise.

Question 6

Palmonary Contusion

Answer 6

May take 24hrs for the severity of the injury becomes apparent, Hypoxia, C02 retension, resp. distress, dysponia, tachyponeia, pt may present with coughing up blood., Wheeze, crackles or rales, diminished lung sounds low 02 sats.

Question 7

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 7

Becks Tryiad ( distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds, hypotension)  fluid accumulates within the pericardiam sac,  heart begins to move back and forth with each beat.
Treatment 02, IV access, IV fluids slow the pt deteration by increasing pre load.

Question 8

Myocardial contusion

Answer 8

Soft tissue or boney injury in the area, crackles or rales (due to pulmonary odeama)

Question 9

Myocardial rupture

Aortic Dissection

Oesophageal injuries

Answer 9

Acute pulmonary odeama or signs of cardiac tamponade.

Pain behind the sternum, blood flow to the excrematies may be compromised, therefore absent pulses can be felt.

Often present with other thoracic injuries and spinal injuries due to the location of the oesophageas., Pain worse on swallowing or flexing neck.

Question 10

DO NOT GIVE ENTONOX WITH POSSIBLE CHEST INJURY OR PNEUO. BECAUSE IT CAN INCREASE THE VOLUMN OF GAS WITHIN THE ENTRAPPED VISCERA

Answer 10

SEE JRCALC