What is life, Marcomolecules, Biochemistry, Cell Biology

Question 1

are all living things called organisms?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

what are the characteristics of life? (8)

Answer 2

• Are made up of at least 1 cell
• Can reproduce
• Contain genetic code (e.g. DNA, RNA)
• Can grow and develop
• Can obtain and use materials for energy
• Respond to environment
• Maintain a stable internal environment
• Homeostasis

Question 3

do cells posses cytoplasm and a cell membrane?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

unicellular organism..

Answer 4

Unicellular organism: an organism that is single-celled or only has one cell.

Question 5

multicellular organism…

Answer 5

an organism that is multi-celled or has many cells.

Question 6

Homeostasis…

Answer 6

is the stable internal environment or equilibrium within an organism

Question 7

elements and atoms…

Answer 7

Pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter

Question 8

what is 90% of the organism composed of ? (4 things)

Answer 8

Carbon, Oxegen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

Question 9

what are compounds that contain carbon called?

Answer 9

Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic.

Question 10

What are Macromolecules also called?

Answer 10

POLYMERS

Question 11

where does most of an organism’s energy come from?

Answer 11

GLUCOSE

Question 12

What does Carbohydrate =

Answer 12

Carbohydrates = Sugars

Question 13

What does words ending in OSE mean?

Answer 13

words ending in -ose are sugars

Question 14

What are the Types of Carbohydrates

Answer 14

monosaccharide,disaccharide,polysaccharide

Question 15

Can lipids dissolve in water?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Do lipids store the most energy?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What are Proteins made out of?

Answer 17

Made up of amino acids (20 different kinds) bonded together by peptide bonds (polypeptides).

Question 18

what does the cell membrane do?

Answer 18

The cell membrane surrounds everything in a cell so it doesn’t leak out.

Question 19

What is a Enzymes main function?

Answer 19

Main function is to act as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions.

Question 20

Do all biological processes involve enzymes?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

what does an Enzyme do specifically?

Answer 21

weakens the chemical bonds (e.g. lactose) lessining the amount of energy needed for the chemical reaction for breakdown

Question 22

What are nucleic acids composed of ?

Answer 22

Nucleic acids are composed of long chains of nucleotides

Question 23

What Are the Basic principles of Cell Theory?

Answer 23

• All living organisms are made up of at least 1 cell/ come from pre-existing cells
• Cells are the basic unit of life
• Hereditary information is passed from cells
• Energy flow occurs within the cell(s)

Question 24

what is a Semipermeable membrane?

Answer 24

Only lets certain things through

Question 25

What happens when cells get too big?

Answer 25

They divide!!

Question 26

How is there large organisms if cells are the same size?

Answer 26

There is more cells .

Question 27

What is cell specialization ?

Answer 27

Cells in a multicellular organism become specialized by turning different genes on and off

Question 28

what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 28

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Question 29

Is centrioles found in animal or plant cells only ?

Answer 29

plant

Question 30

what does the nucleus contain

Answer 30

DNA