What is Public Health?

Question 1

Public health can be defined as the fulfillment of _________ interest in assuring the __________ in which people can be ______.

Answer 1

Public health can be defined as the fulfillment of SOCIETY’’s interest in assuring the CONDITIONS in which people can be HEALTHY.

Question 2

Public health can be defined as organized _________efforts aimed at the prevention of __________ and the promotion of ________.

Answer 2

Public health can be defined as organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of DISEASE and the promotion of HEALTH.

Question 3

In a definition of public health, what term describes the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Answer 3

HEALTH describes a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 4

Steps 1-3 of five step approach to public health:

1. Define the _________ _______
2. Identify the ______ ________ associated with the problem
3. Develop and test _________-_______ interventions to _______ or prevent the cause of the problem

Answer 4

1. Define the HEALTH PROBLEM
2. Identify the RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED with the problem
3. Develop and test COMMUNITY-LEVEL interventions to control or prevent the cause of the problem

Question 5

Steps 4-5 of five step approach to public health:

4. Implement _________to improve the _______of the population
5. _________ the interventions to assess their ___________

Answer 5

4. Implement INTERVENTIONS to improve the HEALTH of the population
5. MONITOR the interventions to assess their EFFECTIVENESS

Question 6

Public Health or Medical Care?

The patient is the community

Answer 6

Public health

Question 7

Public Health or Medical Care?

Diagnoses the health of the community using public health sciences

Answer 7

Public health

Question 8

Public Health or Medical Care?

Treatment of the community involves new policies and interventions

Answer 8

Public health

Question 9

Public Health or Medical Care?

Aims to prevent disease and disability.

Answer 9

Public health

Question 10

Public Health or Medical Care?

The patient is the individual.

Answer 10

Medical care

Question 11

Public Health or Medical Care?

Diagnoses the health of the individual using medical techniques.

Answer 11

Medical care

Question 12

Public Health or Medical Care?

Treatment of the individual involves medical interventions, therapies and drugs.

Answer 12

Medical care

Question 13

Public Health or Medical Care?

Aims to cure individuals of disease and address sick care.

Answer 13

Medical care

Question 14

Public health or Medical care?

Addresses large numbers of people (population health).

Answer 14

Public health

Question 15

Public health or Medical care?

Addresses individuals and smaller groups

Answer 15

Medical care

Question 16

Public health or Medical care?

Focuses on improving health of an individual or group at a time

Answer 16

Medical care

Question 17

Public health or Medical care?

Focuses on changing physical and social environments

Answer 17

Public health

Question 18

__________ is how we understand threats to health, determine what interventions might work, and evaluate whether the interventions work.

Answer 18

Science is how we understand threats to health, determine what interventions might work, and evaluate whether the interventions work.

Question 19

________ is how we as a society make decisions about what policies to implement.

Answer 19

Politics is how we as a society make decisions about what policies to implement.

Question 20

________ _______ is often invisible to the constituencies.

Answer 20

Public health is often invisible to the constituencies.

Question 21

Why study public health?

1. __________ and responsiveness to disasters
2. The ________ epidemic
3. Inadequate access to ______ ______

Answer 21

Why study public health?

1. Preparedness and responsiveness to disasters
2. The obesity epidemic
3. Inadequate access to health care

Question 22

More recent and growing concern among public health officials

Answer 22

Bioterrorism threats

Question 23

Public health response to disasters, both natural and human-made, helps to control the ______ and _______ further harm to survivors and rescuers.

Answer 23

Public health response to disasters, both natural and human-made, helps to control the damage and prevent further harm to survivors and rescuers.

Question 24

Reason # 2 to study public health; decreases in life expectancy and increases in early mortality similar to that seen with smoking.

Answer 24

The obesity epidemic

Question 25

Reason # 3 to study public health; has been diminishing.

Answer 25

Access to healthcare

Question 26

Lack of _________ _________ leads to less preventative care, diagnoses take place at more advanced disease stages, and once diagnosed, tend to receive less therapeutic care; higher mortality rates.

Answer 26

Lack of health insurance

Question 27

This unique feature of today's public health says healthcare needs to made equally for all.

Answer 27

Social justice philosophy

Question 28

Which unique feature of public health says there are differing values and perspectives, which influence decisions related to public health?

Answer 28

Inherently political in nature

Question 29

Which unique feature of public health says there is a corporate (private) responsibility vs social (public) responsibility?

Answer 29

Responsibilities

Question 30

Which unique feature of public health says there is the continual addition of new problems to the public health agenda, including bioterrorism risks?

Answer 30

Dynamic, ever-expanding agenda

Question 31

Which step of the five step approach to public health is "define the health problem"?

Answer 31

First step: | 1. Define the health problem

Question 32

Which step of the five step approach to public health is "Identify the risk factors associated with the problem"?

Answer 32

Second step: | 2. Identify the risk factors associated with the problem

Question 33

Which step of the five step approach to public health is "Develop and test community-level interventions to control or prevent the cause of the problem"?

Answer 33

Third step: | 3. Develop and test community-level interventions to control or prevent the cause of the problem

Question 34

Which step of the five step approach to public health is "Implement interventions to improve the health of the population"?

Answer 34

Fourth step: | 4. Implement interventions to improve the health of the population

Question 35

Which step of the five step approach to public health is "Monitor the interventions to assess their effectiveness"?

Answer 35

Fifth step: | 5. Monitor the interventions to assess their effectiveness

Question 36

In public health, who is the patient?

Answer 36

In public health, the patient is the community.

Question 37

In public health, who's health is diagnosed and how?

Answer 37

In public health, the health of the community is diagnosed using public health sciences.

Question 38

In public health, who is treated and what does it involve?

Answer 38

In public health, treatment of the community involves new policies and interventions.

Question 39

In public health, what is the aim?

Answer 39

In public health, the aim is to prevent disease and disability.

Question 40

In public health, who is addressed?

Answer 40

In public health, large numbers of people are addressed, known as population health.

Question 41

In public health, what is the focus?

Answer 41

In public health, the focus is on changing physical and social environments.

Question 42

In medical care, who is the patient?

Answer 42

In medical care, the patient is the individual.

Question 43

In medical care, who's health is diagnosed and how?

Answer 43

In medical care, the health of the individual is diagnosed using medical techniques.

Question 44

In medical care, who is treated and what does it involve?

Answer 44

In medical care, treatment of the individual involves medical interventions, therapies, and drugs.

Question 45

In medical care, what is the aim?

Answer 45

In medical care, the aim is to cure individuals of disease and address sick care.

Question 46

In medical care, who is addressed?

Answer 46

In medical care, individuals and smaller groups are addressed.

Question 47

In medical care, who is the

Answer 47

In medical care,

Question 48

In medical care, what is the focus?

Answer 48

In medical care, the focus is improving health of an individual or group at a time.

Question 49

Science in public health is defined as: 1. How we understand ________ to health 2. Determine what ____________ might work 3. Evaluate whether the __________ worked.

Answer 49

Science in public health is defined as: 1. How we understand THREATS to health 2. Determine what INTERVENTIONS might work 3. Evaluate whether the INTERVENTIONS worked.

Question 50

Science in public health is defined as: 1. How we _________ threats to health 2. __________what interventions might work 3. ________ whether the interventions worked.

Answer 50

Science in public health is defined as: 1. How we UNDERSTAND threats to health 2. DETERMINE what interventions might work 3. EVALUATE whether the interventions worked.

Question 51

Politics in public health is defined as: | How we as a ________ make decisions about what __________ to ____________

Answer 51

Politics in public health is defined as: | How we as a SOCIETY make decisions about what POLICIES to IMPLEMENT.

Question 52

Politics in public health is defined as: _____ we as a society make________ about ________ to _________.

Answer 52

Politics in public health is defined as: HOW we as a society make DECISIONS about what POLICIES to IMPLEMENT.

Question 53

Three current issues on why we should study public health: 1. ____________ and __________ to disasters 2. The _______ epidemic 3. Inadequate access to ______ _______

Answer 53

Three reasons why we should study public health: 1. Preparedness and responsiveness to disasters 2. The obesity epidemic 3. Inadequate access to health care.

Question 54

What are three current issues for WHY we should study health?

Answer 54

1. Preparedness and responsiveness to disasters 2. The obesity epidemic 3. Inadequate access to health care.

Question 55

In public health, three types of unintentional or intentional disasters include....

Answer 55

1. Natural disasters 2. Human-made/Technological 3. Biological

Question 56

Give an example of a natural disaster affecting public health.

Answer 56

Tsunami, flood, hurricane, tornado, etc.

Question 57

Give an example of a unintentional, human-made or technological disaster affecting public health.

Answer 57

Nuclear power plant accident, accidental chemical release, etc.

Question 58

Give an example of an unintentional, biological disaster affecting public health.

Answer 58

Epidemics

Question 59

Give an example of an intentional, biological disaster affecting public health.

Answer 59

Bioterrorism

Question 60

Give an example of an intentional, human-made or technological disaster affecting public health.

Answer 60

Chemical, nuclear, radiological, or explosive acts of terrorism.

Question 61

The public health response to disasters, both natural and human-made, helps to control what?

Answer 61

The public health response to disasters, both natural and human-made, helps to control the damage and prevent further harm to survivors and rescuers.

Question 62

The _________ epidemic has serious effects on public health and mortality.

Answer 62

The obesity epidemic has serious effects on public health and mortality.

Question 63

In 1918, what was the major public health disaster?

Answer 63

In 1918, the major public health disaster was the influenza pandemic.

Question 64

In 2004, what public health disaster was responsible for 365,000 U.S. deaths?

Answer 64

In 2004, the obesity epidemic was responsible for 365,000 deaths.

Question 65

Reason #3 for studying public health is due to the fact that access to __________ has been diminishing.

Answer 65

Reason #3 for studying public health is due to the fact that access to healthcare has been diminishing.

Question 66

In 2006, there were _____ million Americans without _________ ________.

Answer 66

In 2006, there were 39 million Americans without health insurance.

Question 67

African-Americans are _______ as likely and Hispanics are ______ _____ as likely as Caucasians to be _____________.

Answer 67

African-Americans are twice as likely and Hispanics are three times as likely as Caucasians to be uninsured.

Question 68

Lack of health insurance leads to: 1. Less ____________ _______ 2. Diagnosis at _______ ________ stages, as well as less ___________ care. 3. Higher _______ _______

Answer 68

Lack of health insurance leads to: 1. Less preventative care 2. Diagnosis at more advanced stages, as well as less therapeutic care. 3. Higher mortality rates