What is the Self?

Question 1

What is philosophy?

“All philosophy has its origins in wonder.”

Answer 1

Plato

Question 2

What is philosophy?

“Philosophy is simply the love of wisdom”

Answer 2

Cicero

Question 3

What is philosophy?

“Philosophy is the science that considers the truth”

Answer 3

Aristotle

Question 4

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

The ability to reflect on one’s life and one’s self is a distinctly human ability.

Probably came closest to capturing the essence of philosophy

Answer 4

Socrates

Question 5

The central concern of philosophy is the psyche, the “true self” or “soul.”

Answer 5

Socrates

Question 6

“True self” or “Soul”

Answer 6

Psyche

Question 6

Every soul seeks happiness, and there is a clearly defined path to achieving happiness, though many don’t choose to take it.

Answer 6

Socrates

Question 7

The only people who are truly happy are those who are virtuous and wise, who live reflective, “examined” lives and strive to behave rightly and justly in every area of their lives. These people create souls that are good, wise, and courageous and as a result they achieve genuine and lasting happiness.

Answer 7

Socrates

Question 8

Spoke of a world of Form/Idea and a world of Phenomena/Senses.

Answer 8

Plato

Question 9

A world permanent and eternal

Answer 9

Form/Idea

Question 10

A world that constantly changing, and it dies and withers.

Answer 10

Phenomena/Senses

Question 11

Objects are essentially or really the Form and that the phenomena are only mere shadows mimicking the form, momentary portrayals of the form under different circumstances.

Answer 11

Plato

Question 12

Knowledge is already within the self, and we could understand the world around us through reason and thoughtful introspection. The idea that the self contains knowledge connects well with the Socratic dictum

Answer 12

“Know thyself” (Plato)

Question 13

Tripartite structure of soul

Answer 13

1. Appetite
2. Spirited
3. Reason

Question 14

Adheres to a vitalistic principle of the soul or psyche that makes matter alive.

Answer 14

Aristotle

Question 15

Having a soul means being alive, and only living things have a soul.
* The soul distinguishes the living and nonliving but does not exactly define the difference between the thinking and the non-thinking beings.

Answer 15

Aristotle

Question 16

argues that a particular object has a form that is inseparable from it (matter). Thus, there is no form without matter and vice versa.

Answer 16

Aristotle

Question 17

the philosophical theory that states that things are composed of both matter and form Following this line of thinking, the
body and the psyche cannot exist without the other.

Answer 17

Hylomorphism

Question 18

Living a moral life is the ultimate goal, doing so means approaching every ethical dilemma by finding a mean between living in excess and deficiently, taking into account one’s need and circumstance.

Answer 18

Aristotle

Question 19

Through Aristotelian lens, the self is inseparable from the body. It can be said that the body is the — of the experiencing self, meaning without the body, the self cannot experience; without the body, there is no self to experience in the first place.

Answer 19

sine qua non condition

Question 20

is the assertion that the soul is but a prisoner of the body.

Answer 20

Neoplatonism

Question 21

His ideas had strong influence on Neoplatonism

Answer 21

Plato

Question 22

Founder of Neoplatonism

Answer 22

Plotinus

Question 23

pushed for the freeing of the person from this bondage and to move towards perfection.

Answer 23

Plotinus

Question 24

He is one of the greatest Christian philosophers of all time.

Answer 24

Saint Augustine of Hippo

Question 25

He was highly influenced by Neoplatonist thought, especially the ideas of Plotinus and Plato.

Answer 25

Saint Augustine of Hippo

Question 26

"The soul is given primacy over the body."

Answer 26

Saint Augustine of Hippo

Question 27

shares the view that the soul is not only different from the body, but it is also superior to it.

Answer 27

Saint Augustine of Hippo

Question 28

As a Christian philosopher, he asserts the need for the soul to achieve unity with God through faith as well as reason.

Answer 28

Saint Augustine of Hippo

Question 29

Rose to prominence in his contributions to philosophy and religion. He employs Aristotelian thought.

Answer 29

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 30

He believed that human soul continues to exist even in death. His reason is by operation of the soul whose object of thought can be the eternal or abstract entities, including perhaps God.

Answer 30

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 31

A human soul that is separated from its body is said to be incomplete and finds its completion again only when it animates a body once more, such as its resurrection during the second coming of Christ.

Answer 31

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 32

Its presence in the body is in fact what can only be described as good, as well as natural. The soul is enriched and nourished when it is joined with the body. The union of body and soul completes human nature.

Answer 32

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 33

Rationalist * Influential in ushering the new age, modern age which began from the transition period to Renaissance. * Methodic Doubt or Universal Doubt

Answer 33

Rene Descartes

Question 34

Being conscious of self is the key to why one holds a personal identity and a sense of selfhood. Without the ability to be conscious of self or to be aware of self, one cannot gain any idea of personal identity; in other words, one cannot have a sense of self (Chaffee, 2016)

Answer 34

Rene Descartes

Question 35

preferred to use mind instead of soul for clarity and to avoid ambiguity.

Answer 35

Rene Descartes

Question 36

Knowledge is possible only through man’s faculty of reason.

Answer 36

Rene Descartes

Question 37

Empiricist * All knowledge is derived from sensory experience.

Answer 37

John Locke

Question 38

Human mind at birth is a clean slate. It is a scraped tablet, upon which experience imprints knowledge.

Answer 38

Tabula Rasa

Question 39

We acquire knowledge from the information about the objects in the world that our senses bring.

Answer 39

John Locke