What makes a Primate?

Question 1

What kind of body plan do primates have compared to other vertebrates?

Answer 1

A generalized, non-specialized body plan

Question 2

What advantages do generalized body plans give for primates? (2 “many” things)

Answer 2

Many ways to travel around and live in many times of habitats

Question 3

What advantage do large thumbs do primates have compared to other animals?

Answer 3

To hold objects with greater strength and precision

Question 4

What kind of finger end do primates have and not have compared to other animals?

Answer 4

Flattened nails, no claws

Question 5

Where do the eyes in most primates located compared to other animals?

Answer 5

Front-facing eyes

Question 6

What advantage do front facing eyes give primates?

Answer 6

Depth 3D perception

Question 7

What disadvantage do front facing eyes give primates?

Answer 7

Reduced peripheral vision

Question 8

What kind of dental formula do most primates have?

Answer 8

2 incisor, 1 canine, 2-3 premolar, 3 molar

Question 9

What bone do all primates have that no other mammal has?

Answer 9

petrosal bulla

Question 10

What is special about the petrosal bulla for primates?

Answer 10

All primates have it, no other mammal has it

Question 11

What does an enclosed eye orbit do for primates?

Answer 11

Protects the eye

Question 12

Are primates single births or litters?

Answer 12

Single birth

Question 13

Do primates have small or large brains?

Answer 13

Large brains

Question 14

What are the 3 life history traits primates share?

Answer 14

Single birth, large brains, extended ontogeny

Question 15

For primates, what does “extended ontogeny” mean?

Answer 15

Development (physical + social) for young primates takes a long time

Question 16

What are the 2 behaviour traits primates share?

Answer 16

Diurnal activity and complex social patterns

Question 17

For primates, what does diurnal activity mean?

Answer 17

It means they are active during the day

Question 18

Strepsirhine/Haplorhine division is based on _____

Answer 18

molecular and morphological evidence

Question 19

Prosimians/Anthropoids division is based on _____

Answer 19

physical and behavioural traits

Question 20

Characteristics of New World Monkeys: _____, prehensile tail (tail that can grab things), small body size

Answer 20

3 premolar teeth

Question 21

Characteristics of New World Monkeys: 3 premolar teeth, _____, small body size

Answer 21

prehensile tail (tail that can grab things)

Question 22

Characteristics of New World Monkeys: 3 premolar teeth, prehensile tail (tail that can grab things), _____

Answer 22

small body size

Question 23

Characteristics of Old World Monkeys: _____ , bilophodont molars, seat pads

Answer 23

ancestral quadrupedal body plan

Question 24

Characteristics of Old World Monkeys: ancestral 4-legged body plan, _____ , seat pads

Answer 24

bilophodont molars

Question 25

Characteristics of Old World Monkeys: ancestral 4-legged body plan, bilophodont molars, _____

Answer 25

seat pads

Question 26

What sets Great Apes (humans included) apart?

Answer 26

Takes Haplorine traits to the extreme

Question 27

Cattarihines can be split into ____ and ____

Answer 27

Ceropithecoidea/Old World Monkeys and Apes (and humans)

Question 28

Characters do Cattarhines: ____ , 2 premolars, greater sexual dimorphism

Answer 28

downward nostril

Question 29

Characters of Cattarhines: downward nostril, _____ , greater sexual dimorphism

Answer 29

2 premolars

Question 30

Characteristics of Cattarhines: downward nostril, 2 premolars, _____

Answer 30

greater sexual dimorphism

Question 31

Strepsirhines can be split into ___

Answer 31

lemurs and lorises

Question 32

Haplorines can be split into ____

Answer 32

tarsiers, platyrhini/new world monkeys, cattarhines

Question 33

Based on physical and behaviour traits, Primates can be split into ____ and ____

Answer 33

Prosimians and Anthropoids

Question 34

Based on molecular and morphological traits, Primates can be split into ____ and ____

Answer 34

Strepsirhines and Haplorhines

Question 35

New world monkeys are also called

Answer 35

Platyrrhini

Question 36

Old world monkeys are also called

Answer 36

Ceropithecoidea

Question 37

Platyrrhinis are also called

Answer 37

New world monkeys

Question 38

Ceropithecoidea are also called

Answer 38

Old world monkeys