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Flashcards in What's in a Medicine Deck (29)
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1
Q

What does a carboxyl group look like?

A

R-COOH

2
Q

What is the molecule called when you add carboxylic acid to a benzene ring

A

benzenecarboxylic acid (benzoic acid)

3
Q

What are the products of hydrolysing an ester with an alkali

A

A carboxylate salt and an alcohol

4
Q

What are the products of hyrdolysing an ester with water

A

Carboxylic acid and an alcohol

5
Q

What are the conditions for hydrolysing an ester with water

A

Dilute sulfuric acid as a catalyst

6
Q

When hydrolysing esters what is the preferred method

A

Using an alkali as it is not an equilibrium process

7
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids

A

Proton donor

8
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of bases

A

Proton acceptor

9
Q

Explain why a substance produces a spectrum showing absorption peaks when irradiated with infra-red frequencies

A

Bonds absorb specific frequencies causing different bonds to vibrate

10
Q

How would you test a substance for a phenol

A

Add iron (iii) chloride and it will go purple

11
Q

How would you make an ester

A

carboxylic acid and alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid or HCl as a catalyst.

12
Q

What is a test for carboxylic acids

A

add a carbonate such as Na2CO3. Fizzing will be observed as CO2 is released

13
Q

How would you make aspirin

A

Its the product of esterifying salicylic acid with carboxylic acid

14
Q

What colour does the solution change to when adding acidified potassium dichromate to an alcohol

A

Orange to green

15
Q

Give 2 ways in which dehydration can occur with an alcohol

A

When heated with concentrated sulphuric acid or when the alcohol vapour is passed over a catalyst of alumina at 300 degrees

16
Q

Give the conditions needed to convert an alcohol into a aldehyde

A

Acidified dichromate and then distil

17
Q

Conditions and reactants needed to make an ester from carboxylic acid and alcohol

A

concentrated sulphuric acid and heat under r eflux

18
Q

The equation for the reaction of a carboxylic acid group with a hydroxide ion

A

COOH + OH- + COO- + water

19
Q

What are the products of reacting phenol with sodium carbonate

A

Nothing, they don’t react

20
Q

Why can a hydroxide ion be known as a base

A

They accept a proton

21
Q

Two compounds have different different relative molecular masses, what technique should be used to show this

A

Mass spectrometry

22
Q

What are the 3 questions drug trials need to answer

A

is it safe, effective and better than competitors

23
Q

What is combinatorial chemistry

A

A technique used to prepare a large number of related compounds quickly

24
Q

Dows alcohol react with NaOH

A

Nope

25
Q

Does phenol react with NaOH

A

Yes and they form their sodium salt

26
Q

Does carboxylic acid react with NaOH

A

Yes and they form their sodium salt

27
Q

How do you turn an alcohol into an alkene and what is the other product

A

Pass alcohol over hot catalyst of alumina (300oC). Other product is water

28
Q

Describe the smell of ethanoic acid

A

sweet

29
Q

What would prevent the further oxidation of aldehyde

A

acidified potassium dichromate distil off aldehyde as it is formed