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514 > WHEELCHAIR > Flashcards

WHEELCHAIR Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 principles of seating intervention

A
  1. Adjunct to treatment
  2. Postural control vs. Pressure distribution
  3. Dynamic vs. Static
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2
Q

According to the seating intervention “Adjunct to treatment” - seating & mobility interventions should…

A
  • meet individual’s needs
  • monitor problems & effectiveness of solutions over time
  • In consultation with primary care therapists & others involved in individual’s care
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3
Q

According to the seating intervention “ Postural control vs. Pressure distribution”, seating and mobility interventions should…

A
  • Improve postural control

- Optimize pressure distribution over body’s weight-bearing surfaces

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4
Q

What is postural control

A

Motor control that stabilizes thebody in space by integrating sensory input about body position with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles & keep the body’s COM within its BOS

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5
Q

Good postural control will allow optimal ___ and reduce ____

A 
function 
fatigue
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6
Q

What is pressure

A

a force that is exerted perpendicular to the skin surface

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7
Q

what is friction

A

the resistance to motion in a parallel direction relative to the common boundary of two surfaces

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8
Q

What is shear

A

A stress resulting from applied forces that causes two layers of skin tissues to slide in opposite but parallel planes

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9
Q

To reduce risks of pressure injury development, focus on…

A
  • Pressure
  • Shear
  • Friction
  • Temperature
  • Moisture management
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10
Q

If a pressure injury lasts more than… red flag

A

20 minutes

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11
Q

_____ or _____ keep us up against gravity and do not fatigue easily

A

Postural muscles or stabilizers

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12
Q

___ or _____ help us to move quickly and precisely

A

Mobility muscles or mobilizers

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13
Q

What are 6 risk factors related to skin health

A
  • health status
  • Nutrition
  • Skin integrity
  • Immobility
  • Sensation
  • Continence
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14
Q

What is the order of observation

A
  1. Pelvis
  2. Hips
  3. Lower extremities
  4. Trunk
  5. Head/neck
  6. upper extremities
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15
Q

What are some common components of a wheelchairs

A
  • Firm base
  • Firm back
  • Ischial block/well
  • Belt
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16
Q

Why is an ischial block importnat

A

With altered tone or movement problems cause a posterior tilt which causes people to slide right off cushion

17
Q

What are 3 types of belt?

A
  • Standard
  • Bifurcate
  • Molded
18
Q

What are some potential consequences of postural problems

A
  • Tissue breakdown
  • Contracture/deformity
  • Altered performance
  • Reduced tolerance
  • Discomfort & fatigue
  • Increased need for rest
  • Infection
  • Decreased quality of life
  • Increase need for care
  • increased cost of care
19
Q

when would you use a firm back or base?

A

??? idk help

20
Q

What are 4 common postural problems

A
  • Posterior pelvic tilt
  • Anterior pelvic tilt
  • Pelvic obliquity
  • Pelvic rotation
21
Q

What may cause posterior pelvic tilt

A
  • Poor back or seat surface support
  • Tight hamstring muscles
  • Limited hip flexion
22
Q

What are some solutions to posterior pelvic tilt

A
  • Firm backrest + firm seat
  • Anti-thrust seat
  • Supportive belts
  • Support at the posterior pelvis/lower lumbar area
23
Q

What are some possible causes of anterior pelvic tilt

A
  • Footrests set too far back
  • hip flexion contracture
  • Weak back extensors
  • Weak abdominals
24
Q

What are some solutions to anterior pelvic tilt

A
  • Adjust footrests
  • Firm backrest and firm seat
  • Change seat to back angle or orientation in space
25
Q

What are some possible causes of pelvic obliquity

A
  • Sling seat
  • Seat depth too long
  • Seat width too small
  • Scoliosis
  • Asymmetrical muscle tone
26
Q

What are some solutions to pelvic obliquity

A
  • Provide the correct seat width and depth
  • Firm and level seat with supportive belts
  • Accommodation vs. correction

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