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Pulmonary > Wheezy Child > Flashcards

Flashcards in Wheezy Child Deck (18)
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1
Q

What is a wheeze?

A

Noise
Expiratory
Prolonged expiration

2
Q

What physiologic change causes wheezes?

A
Airway narrowing (from any cause)
Intra thoracic
3
Q

What is a stridor?

A

Inspiratory noise
Airway narrowing
Extra thoracic airway

4
Q

What are characteristics of stridor?

A

Harsh
High pitched
Loud inspiratory sound
Rapid airflow through a narrowed passage

5
Q

What are some acute symptoms?

A

S.O.B.
Cough
Wheeze
Anxiety

6
Q

What are some chronic symptoms?

A

Wheeze
Night Cough
Prolonged Cough/wheeze with URTI
Exercise Limitation (lifestyle)

7
Q

What is a differential diagnosis for a wheeze in an infant?

A

Congenital anomalies

  • Vascular compression of the trachea
  • Tracheomalacia
  • Laryngomalacia
  • Tracheoesophageal fistula

Cystic Fibrosis

Aspiration
- Gastroesophageal reflux

Infection
- RSV

Environment/Smoke

Normal

8
Q

What are some investigations for wheeze infants?

A

Physical exam

  • Dysmorphic features
  • Growth
  • Stridor or wheeze?

Chest X-ray

Sweat test

Barium swallow

Bronchoscopy

pH probe

9
Q

T or F: RSV Bronchiolitis is associated with recuurent wheezing

A

T

10
Q

Which illness is most common among young children?

A

RSV Bronchiolistis

11
Q

What is the management for RSV bronchiolitis?

A
supportive
prophylaxis
no Ab
no steroids
no bronchodilators
12
Q

What is the different diagnosis for toddlers with wheezing?

A
Congenital Malformation
Cystic Fibrosis
Infections
Aspiration
Reflux
Foreign Body
Smoke
Normal
13
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for school aged children with wheezing?

A
Congenital
Cystic Fibrosis
Reflux
Pertussis
Atypical pneumonia
Foreign body
Sinusitis
14
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for adolescent with wheezing?

A
Difficulty breathing with exertion
- Relief with Ventolin:  Is this always asthma?
Poor conditioning
- Background of asthma common
Vocal cord dysfunction
Psychogenic or “habit” cough
Foreign body
Smoking
Sinusitis
15
Q

What is vocal cord dysfunction?

A

Acute onset of respiratory distress precipitated by physical and/or emotional stress

16
Q

What helps to relieve vocal cord dysfunction?

A

Panting, pursed-lip blowing –> breathing techniques

17
Q

Is history of asthma common in those with vocal cord dysfunction?

A

YES

18
Q

What are the signs and symptoms associated with vocal cord dysfunction?

A

Stridor, gulping respirations, very distressed on appearance, SaO2 normal