Where does the World Come From? Flashcards
(50 cards)
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We are connected with our __________.
The ________ we inhabit plays a role in how we interact with it, including how we view the world in general.
We are connected with our environment.
The environment we inhabit plays a role in how we interact with it, including how we view the world in general.
[ Identification ]
From the Greek word mythos.
Stories that explain people’s cosmological and supernatural conditions.
Myth
[ Identification ]
It aims to explain the incomprehensible world we live in.
It teaches meaning. It also explains, empowers, stabilizes, and elevates the life of a believer from a mundane existence to one imbued with external meaning.
On the most basic level, it explains a phenomenon, tradition, place name, or geological formation.
Myth
[ Identification ]
It provides a role model for one’s individual journey through life.
Myth
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The _______ school of thought flourished in the ancient port city of _______ on the western coast of Asia Minor.
The Milesian school of thought flourished in the ancient port city of Miletus on the western coast of Asia Minor.
[ Identification ]
He was among the first thinkers of Milesian school of thought.
Thales
[ Identification ]
He concluded that everything came from water since the world floats and rests on water, and moisture is present and needed by almost every matter and organism.
Thales (624 - 546 BCE)
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Thales’ inquiry concerned mainly the nature of all things, ______, or the originating principle.
Thales’ inquiry concerned mainly the nature of all things, arche, or the originating principle.
[ Identification ]
He is Thales’ pupil who lived between 610 and 546 BCE.
He agreed with his teacher that there is some basic stuff where everything came from.
Anaximander
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__________ argued that water and all other definite things would come from a primary substance that is an indefinite or boundless realm, which he calls the __________.
Anaximander argued that water and all other definite things would come from a primary substance that is an indefinite or boundless realm, which he calls the Apeiron.
Who explained the idea of Anaximander’s philosophy about Apeiron?
“Everything has an origin or is an origin. The Apeiron has no origin. For then it would have a limit. Moreover, it is both unborn and immortal, being a kind of origin.”
Aristotle
[ Identification ]
The last of the Milesian thinkers who is said to have lived between 585 and 528 BCE.
Anaximenes
[ Identification ]
He believed that a wide variety of finite things cannot simply come from some stuff as limited as water. For him, the stuff has to be definite, but at the same time, unlimited and boundless.
He concluded that at one point, everything was air.
Anaximenes
[ Identification ]
He argued that all things consist of numbers since there is form, pattern, and harmony everywhere.
Pythagoras
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In the eastern region of Macedonia in Greece flourished the ______ school of thought.
In the eastern region of Macedonia in Greece flourished the Atomist school of thought.
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The Atomist school and its central ideas were founded by ________ and further elaborated by his disciple __________.
The Atomist school and its central ideas were founded by Leucippus and further elaborated by his disciple Democritus.
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__________ argued that the world is made of spaces and indivisible things called _______.
Democritus argued that the world is made of spaces and indivisible things called atoms.
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The conflicting ideas about the origin of the cosmos eventually lead to the emergence of a new breed of intellectuals in Athens during the 5th century BCE, the _________.
The conflicting ideas about the origin of the cosmos eventually lead to the emergence of a new breed of intellectuals in Athens during the 5th century BCE, the Sophists.
[ Identification ]
These thinkers argued that there is no such thing as absolute truth.
They believed that everything is relative to the person or to the culture that perceives it.
Sophists
What is the tradition called wherein the Sophists believed that everything is relative to the person or to the culture that perceives it?
Relativism
Who are the 3 main proponent of relativism? (P.G.T)
- Protagoras
- Gorgias
- Thrasymachus
[ Identification: Sophists’ Relativism ]
“Knowledge is limited to one’s perception.”
He argued that there is no standard for testing whether one person’s perception is right or wrong.
Protagoras
[ Identification: Sophists’ Relativism ]
“There is no truth at all.”
He asserted that nothing exists, that if anything exists, it is incomprehensible. But, whatever is comprehensible cannot be communicated.
Gorgias
[ Identification: Sophists’ Relativism ]
“Might is right.”
He explained that the ruling party always makes laws for their own interest, which defines that is right in a state.
Thrasymachus
