Whole Blood

Question 1

What is the duration for Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (CPD) in days?

Answer 1

> Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (CPD) lasts for 21 days.

Question 2

How long does Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose-Adenine (CPD-A1) last?

Answer 2

> Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose-Adenine (CPD-A1) lasts for 35 days.

Question 3

What are the different additive solution combinations involving red cells?

Answer 3

• The additive solution combinations for red cells include CPD-AS-1/AS-5, CP2D-AS-3, and ACD-A-AS-3.

Question 4

How long is the storage duration for these solutions involving with red cells?

Answer 4

> The storage duration is 42 days.

Question 5

What additives are present in AS-1, AS-3, and AS-5 solutions?

Answer 5

• AS-1 contains AD SOL
• AS-3 includes Nutri Cell
• AS-5 contains Optisol.

Question 6

What is the commonly used duration of Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (ACD) in apheresis procedures?

Answer 6

> Commonly used with a duration of 21 days.

Question 7

How many days does Citrate-Phosphate-Double-Dextrose (CP2D) last?

Answer 7

> Lasts for 21 days.

Question 8

What is the duration of Heparin?

Answer 8

> Heparin has a duration of 2 days.

Question 9

What is whole blood composed of?

Answer 9

> Whole blood is a combination of cells and plasma.

Question 10

What is the significance of shelf life in component preparation within a closed system?

Answer 10

• It ensures the viability of components prepared in a closed system, maintaining a sterile environment and preventing exposure to the external environment.
• However, accidental exposure to an open system can compromise the sterile conditions.

Question 11

What action is taken when a component in an open system is automatically labeled as “EXPIRED IN 24 HOURS”? How can the expiration date be modified?

Answer 11

• When a component is labeled “EXPIRED IN 24 HOURS” in an open system, the standard process is to set the expiration date to August 24 and allow a 24-hour period.
• If unused, the component must be discarded within 24 hours per protocol.

Question 12

What are common causes of transfusion reactions related to febrile reactions or fever?

Answer 12

• Febrile reactions or fever during transfusion can often result from bacterial contamination of the blood product being transfused.

Question 13

What is the viability timeline of whole blood, white blood cells (WBC), and platelets when stored at room temperature, and how do labile factors like Factor 5 and Factor 8 behave during storage?

Answer 13

• Whole blood, WBC, and platelets become non-viable after 1 day (24 hours) of storage at room temperature.
• Labile factors, specifically Factor 5 and Factor 8, experience a significant decrease in concentration after 2 days of storage.

Question 14

How many Celcius in the storage temp for whole blood?

Answer 14

> 1-6°C Ref Temperature

Question 15

What are the indications for using whole blood in medical situations?

Answer 15

• Whole blood is indicated in cases of active bleeding, hemorrhagic shock, and exchange transfusion.
• It is used when there is a need for both oxygen-carrying capacity and volume expansion.

Question 16

Give the Immediate effect of Whole Blood

Answer 16

> Increase hematocrit by 1-3%

Question 17

Enumerate the RBC Additives solution Components Contains

Answer 17

1. Glucose
2. Adenine
3. Mannitol
4. Saline Adenine

Question 18

The Whole Blood,WBC & Platelets are no longer viable after ____________

Answer 18

> 1 DAY /24 hrs.
of storage AT REF TEMP

Question 19

Give the 2 Labile factors that significant decrease after 2 days of storage.

Answer 19

1. Factor 5
2. Factor 8

Question 20

The combination of cells and plasma

Answer 20

> Whole Blood

Question 21

Give the Indications for Whole Blood

Answer 21

✓ Active bleeding, hemorrhagic shock and exchange transfusion.
✓ Indicated when both oxygen-carrying capacity and volume
expansion are required

Question 22

What is the standard procedure after observing effects following a blood transfusion for six hours?

Answer 22

• After observing effects following a blood transfusion for six hours, the doctor will typically order a “post blood transfusion CBC” (Complete Blood Count)
• Which will measure parameters such as hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Question 23

What is the immediate effect of increasing hematocrit by one unit?

Answer 23

• Increasing hematocrit by one unit typically results in a 1-3% increase.
• However, if there is no increase observed, it may indicate that less than 70% of red blood cells didn’t survive or circulate, resulting in a “failed transfusion”
• Often due to the spleen sequestering the red blood cells.

Question 24

What is considered a successful outcome after transfusing 1 unit of whole blood?

Answer 24

• An increase in hematocrit is considered a successful outcome after transfusing 1 unit of whole blood.

Question 25

What percentage of red blood cells typically remain viable in the patient’s circulation after a transfusion, leading to a significant increase in hematocrit?

Answer 25

> At least 70% of red blood cells