Why did young people join the Red Guards?

Question 1

1. Mao had a state-sponsored what during C.R?
2. Who was most likely to believe in the cult?
   - One reason why?
3. What did the young cult followers read?
   - What were they told to believe it like?
4. Who were they told to attack? (3)

Answer 1

1. Personality Cult.
2. Young people.
   - Impressionable, little recollection of the GLF, didn’t blame Mao for famine.
3. The Little Red Book.
   - The word of God.
4. Teachers, professors or Party cadres.

Question 2

1. Name the 5 reasons why young people joined the Red Guards.
2. What kind of children did Mao mobilise?
   - What did he offer these kids a chance of?
3. What were the 5 ‘Red Types’?
   - What were the 5 black elements?
4. Who ordered the publication of the Little Red Book?
   - When was it published?
5. Which 2 groups of people read it?

Answer 2

1. Education, overcoming class labels, Little Red Book, free travel, attacking the old culture that had held them down.
2. Elite middle school kids, children of party leaders.
   - Glory.
3. Workers, poorer/lower-middle class peasants, rev. cadres, rev. soldiers & descendants of rev. martyrs.
   - Landlords, rich peasants, counter-revs, bad elements & rightists.
4. Lin Biao - Head of the PLA.
   - 1964.
5. PLA soldiers & Red Guards.

Question 3

1. Anyone wearing an _______ showing them to be a ___ _____ was allowed on a train.
2. Which 2 places did Red Guards travel to?
3. What were the 2 main reasons young people took the chance to travel?
   - What did this mean these respective 2 did at rallies?
4. What were the Red Guards taught was being used by exploiting classes against masses?
5. What were they encouraged to attack? (2)
   - Give an example of a campaign.

Answer 3

1. Armband
   Red Guard.
2. Mao’s rallies in Beijing (T.S.) and places where Mao had lived during C.W.
3. Revolutionary zeal & chance to experience freedom.
   - Some actively denounced and tortured people, others watched and chanted out of peer pressure.
4. Old Culture.
5. Old-fashioned ideas & traditions.
   - Four Olds Campaign.