Why Do We Breathe 4

Question 1

Gaseous Exchange

Answer 1

The movement of gases from one place to another, for example the movement of oxygen out of the alveoli into blood capillaries.

Question 2

Pleural cavity

Answer 2

Each lung is surrounded by a pleural cavity formed by two serous membranes and containing a small amount of fluid.

Question 3

Alveoli

Answer 3

Small air filled sacs located deep inside the lungs, where gas exchange between the air and blood occurs.

Question 4

Cilia

Answer 4

An extension of a cell plasma membrane, which functions to move material over the cell surface. Cilia line the trachea.

Question 5

Ventilation

Answer 5

The process of air moving into and out of the lungs.

Question 6

Palate

Answer 6

Also known as the roof of the mouth, the hard bony palate is the anterior portion and the soft palate is the posterior portion.

Question 7

Pharynx

Answer 7

Also known as the throat, the pharynx is a common pathway for food and air.

Question 8

Larynx

Answer 8

A passageway for air located between the pharynx and the trachea. The larynx contains a lot of cartilage to maintain on open airway.

Question 9

Epiglottis

Answer 9

Cartilage located at the top of the trachea. The epiglottis tips posteriorly during swallowing to prevent food entering the trachea.

Question 10

Trachea

Answer 10

A tubular passageway for air running from the larynx to the lungs. Also known as the windpipe.

Question 11

Bronchi

Answer 11

The trachea divides into a left and right bronchi (or primary bronchi) each of which extend into one lung.

Question 12

Bronchioles

Answer 12

The bronchi, which extend down into each lung, continue to branch giving rise to bronchioles and finally the terminal bronchioles.

Question 13

Respiratory membrane

Answer 13

The location within the lungs that gas exchange takes place. The respiratory membrane consists of the walls of the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.

Question 14

Diaphragm

Answer 14

A thin skeletal muscle involved in breathing, it separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 15

Pleura

Answer 15

A thin cellular sheet (serous membrane) that lines the lungs or the wall of the thoracic cavity.

Question 16

Humidify

Answer 16

The process by which water/moisture is added to the air that enters the body. This happens in the nasal cavity.

Question 17

Hilum

Answer 17

The medial surface of the lungs where large blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves and the primary brochi enter and exit.

Question 18

Inspiration

Answer 18

The process of air entering the body from the environment and filling up the lungs.

Question 19

Expiration

Answer 19

The process of air exiting the lungs and moving out of the body back into the environment.