Why was imperialism a significant force for late nineteenth century Europe? #1

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

The policy of acquiring and controlling dependent territories carried out by the state

Question 2

New Imperialism

Answer 2

Period of extensive colonization by the European powers

Question 3

Tariffs

Answer 3

• Taxes on imported goods
• Beneficial because it helps promote a country’s own economy

Question 4

Free trade

Answer 4

take between nations unimpeded by tariffs

Question 5

Economic Motives of Imperialism

Answer 5

• profitable to invest in new trading companies
• potential wealth of new colonies
• having colonies was cheaper (due to tariffs) so they could access vital raw minerals

Question 6

Political Motives of Imperialism

Answer 6

• control strategic locations
• power
• nationalism
• social policy
• Britain occupation of Egypt to safeguard Suez canal

Question 7

Dr David Livingstone

Answer 7

a Scottish missionary and explorer of Africa

Question 8

Henry Morton Stanley

Answer 8

• A Welsh-American explorer
• Famous for his exploration of central Africa

Question 9

King Leopold

Answer 9

King of Belgium and founder of Congo Free State

Question 10

Pierre Brazza

Answer 10

a French explorer of Italian extraction

Question 11

Khedive

Answer 11

title used by governor and ruler of Egypt and Sudan

Question 12

Social Imperialism

Answer 12

A policy aimed at uniting all social classes behind plans for creating and expanding an empire

Question 13

Condominium

Answer 13

joint control over a territory by two states

Question 14

Benjamin Disraeli

Answer 14

• Conservative UK prime minister
• Believed that patriotism and nationalism could overcome class divisions

Question 15

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 15

British businessman and prime minister of cape colony and founder of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia)

Question 16

Britains Original Interests in Africa

Answer 16

to protect its Indian ocean trading routes

Question 17

Britains Other Motives in Africa

Answer 17

• golds, diamonds and valuable minirals
• to stop other European countries from getting this

Question 18

3 British Colonies in Africa

Answer 18

• Egypt
• the Sudan
• British East Africa

Question 19

Examples of German Colonies in Africa

Answer 19

• Kamerun (Cameroon)
• German east Africa
• German South West Africa

Question 20

Main Belgium Colony in Africa

Answer 20

The Congo Basin

Question 21

What natural resources did the Congo Basin have?

Answer 21

Raw rubber

Question 22

Why did the French move inland in the late 19th century?

Answer 22

• Search of raw materials, palm oil and timber
• New markets for Frances industrial output

Question 23

What event motivated French politicians to see a large overseas empire as essential?

Question 24

Benefits of Imperialism

Answer 24

• Jobs
• Technology-Communication
• Railways
• Medicine-Health
• Education
• Water/Toilets

Question 25

Consequences of Imperialism to Africa

Answer 25

- Loss of land/resources - Loss of control - Tribal conflict - Culture - war

Question 26

Sir George Goldie

Answer 26

founder of the Royal Niger Company

Question 27

British South African Company

Answer 27

formed by the amalgamation of two companies: the central search association and the exploring company ltd

Question 28

Boer War

Answer 28

1899-1902 fought between the two Boer states of transvaal and the orange free state and the British empire - initiated by Kruger

Question 29

Wahabbist

Answer 29

referring to a fundamentalist islamic reform movement founded by Muhammed Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab

Question 30

Mahdi

Answer 30

- Arabic word meaning redeemer of Islam - The Sudanese seikh, Muhammed Ahmad, claimed to be the mahdi

Question 31

Power Vacuum

Answer 31

territories left undominated by another state after the withdrawal or collapse of the original ruling power

Question 32

General Gordon

Answer 32

British general and governor general of the Sudan

Question 33

Lord Salisbury

Answer 33

conservative leader and three times British prime minister

Question 34

Charles Darwin

Answer 34

- English geologist and biologist - In his 'On the origin of species', argued that evolution was the result of natural selection or the survival of the fittest

Question 35

General, Lord Kitchener

Answer 35

- defeated the mahdi in the Sudan and played a key role in the Boer war - Secretary of state for war in 1914 -16

Question 36

Concentration camp Scandal

Answer 36

In order to defeat the Guerrilla tactics of the Boers, the British relocated the civilian population in concentration camps where a large number of people died of disease.

Question 37

Reich

Answer 37

any empire og the Germans or Germany

Question 38

Sedan

Answer 38

the location of the traumatic defeat of the french by the Prussians

Question 39

Pressure Groups

Answer 39

associations formed to promote a particular interest by influencing government policy

Question 40

Jules Ferry

Answer 40

French politician and prime minister and strong supported of french colonial expansion

Question 41

Anarchist

Answer 41

a supporter of anarchism (small self-governing societies)

Question 42

Navy League

Answer 42

a german pressure group which agitated for a large german Navy

Question 43

Pan-German League

Answer 43

a German political society that believed that Germany should extend its frontiers to include all Germans in Poland, Switzerland and Austria

Question 44

Balkans

Answer 44

- geographic area in south-eastern Europe - principal states in 1913 were: Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania and Greece

Question 45

General George Von Capri

Answer 45

German general and chancellor, 1890-94

Question 46

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 46

envisaged a two front war against France and Russia. France was to be defeated within a moth by a flanking movement through Belgium, holland & Luxembourg and then the mass of the german army would move eastwards to deal with Russia. the plan was later revised to omit holland

Question 46

Protectorate

Answer 46

a territory that is controlled and protected by another state

Question 47

South Salves

Answer 47

formed the main ethnic group in Bosnia and Herzegovnia, which Austria occupied in 1878

Question 48

Legation Quater

Answer 48

the area in Beijing where foreign diplomats, businessman, etc and their families lived

Question 49

Kiaochow

Answer 49

n 1897 the germans seized Kiaochow in revenge for the murder of two missionaries. they also secured mining rights in the neighbouring province of shantung

Question 50

Boers

Answer 50

descendants of dutch settlers who had originally colonised South Africa

Question 51

William Gladstone

Answer 51

liberal politician, who served four terms as prime minister

Question 52

Paul Kruger

Answer 52

president of the transvaal, 1833-1900

Question 53

Arbiration

Answer 53

a form of resolving disputes through mediation by a third party

Question 54

when was the Berlin West Africa conference

Answer 54

1884-85

Question 55

when was the Fashoda crisis

Answer 55

1898

Question 56

what year did the "scramble for Africa" begin?

Answer 56

1870

Question 57

what year did the Franco-Purssian war take place?

Answer 57

1870-71