Why were the Catholics such a serious threat to Elizabeth? Flashcards
(23 cards)
who were the jesuits
Roman Catholic missionaries whose aim was to destroy heresy
who were the recunsants
Individuals who refused to attend church services following the Religious Settlement
why were the council of the north set up
Set up after the Papal Bull to enforce Elizabeth’s authority in the north of England
who wee the seminary priests
Priests trained in Roman Catholic Colleges
when and what was the name for the rebellion and 3 plots
rebellion of northern earls 1569 - destroyed prayer books and protestant bibles
redolfi plot 1571
- overthrow with spanish army so mary can marry duke of norfoeld
throckmorton plot 1583
- duke of guise invasion of england
babington plot 1586
- coded letters showed assassination attempt
when did mary queen of scot’s arrive in england
1568
when was elizabeth’s excommunication
1570
when was the first arrival of seminary priests and jesuits in England
1574 and 1580
when was the spanish armada
1588
The rebellion of the Northern Earls
The Earls of Westmoreland and Northumberland planned to replace Elizabeth with her catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots. They rode into Durham with 4,500 men, stormed the cathedral, destroyed Protestant Bibles and Prayer Books and celebrated a Catholic Mass. Elizabeth sent the Earl of Sussex with several thousands troops to quell the rebellion, leading to many rebels retreating.
what happens to the earls of westmorland and northumberland after their rebellion and how did elizabeth deal with the other rebels
The Earl of Westmoreland managed to evade capture by fleeing to Flanders. The Earl of Northumberland was eventually captured and executed in 1572. Elizabeth dealt with rebels harshly, executing over 800 as a warning to other potential rebels.
what was the papal bull
In 1570, Pope Pius V declared that Elizabeth was a heretic and was excommunicated by way of a Papal Bull as a result. This Bull removed Catholics from loyalty to Elizabeth and called upon them to help remove her from the throne.
what did most english and welsh catholics do despite her excommunication
Most preferred to remain quiet about their religious faith and remained loyal to Elizabeth
what act did elizabeth pass in 1571 despite catholics staying loyal after her excommunication and what was it
Elizabeth took no chances and passed a series of Treason Acts in 1571, making it illegal for anyone to question her position true as Queen of England and Wales.
the ridolfi plot
In 1571 a Catholic plot aimed to replace Elizabeth with Mary, Queen of Scots. The plot had been organised by the Italian Ridolfi, for a Spanish army to land in England, overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, who would then marry the Duke of Norfolk and turn England Roman Catholic again. Some of those involved were tortured and revealed that the Spanish ambassador, de Spes, was involved in this plot too, as well as Philip Il of Spain and even the pope himself. Norfolk was sentenced to death for treason and de Spes and Ridolf were both expelled from the country. Elizabeth refused to punish Mary, despite requests from her Privy Council and many MPs.
what happened to those involved in the ridolfi plot and what was revealed
some were tortured and revealed that the Spanish ambassador, de Spes, was involved in this plot too, as well as Philip Il of Spain and even the pope himself. Norfolk was sentenced to death for treason and de Spes and Ridolf were both expelled from the country.
after the ridolfini plot did elizabeth punish mary
Elizabeth refused to punish Mary, despite requests from her Privy Council and many MPs.
throkmorton plot
in 1583, English Catholic, Francis Throckmorton, acting as a go-between for Mary and the new Spanish ambassador de Mendoza. When Walsingham uncovered the plot, Throckmorton was arrested and tortured. He revealed that the Duke of Guise was planning to invade England with an army of French Catholics from the Spanish Netherlands, backed by Spanish and papal money, but was adamant that Mary knew nothing of the plot.
what happened to throkmorton after he was tortured and de mendoza
He was sentenced to death for treason and de Mendoza was expelled from England.
what happened to mary after the throkmorton plot
Mary was moved to the more secure Tutbury Castle in Staffordshire, and was banned from having visitors. She also had all her letters carefully checked by Walsingham and his spies.
The Babington Plot
Walsingham uncovered yet another plot to overthrow Elizabeth, but this time he claimed to have proof that Mary had been directly involved. The Babington Plot involved another young Catholic Englishman, Sir Anthony Babington, who planned to organise an invasion force from Spain to assassinate Elizabeth and replace her on the throne with Mary. Babington sent coded letters to Mary, updating her on the progress of the plot, which were uncovered by Walsingham’s spy network.
what was proof that mary was directly involved in the babington plot
Mary’s replies which was the proof Walsingham had been waiting for and led to her execution.
what happened to babington
Babington was arrested by Walsingham in August 1586. He and six other conspirators were executed in September 1586.
