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Cold War > widening of the cold war > Flashcards

widening of the cold war Flashcards

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1
Q

SCAP?

A

*supreme commander of allied forces
*macarthur elected as supreme commander
*oversaw occupation of japan
*given final authority over decisions

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2
Q

who is hirohito?

A

*emperor of japan from 1926
*key role in surrender of japan
*from 1947 japan became a constitutional monarchy so he became a symbol of the state and people(no real power)

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3
Q

who is dodge?

A

*chairman of an american bank
*economic advisor for the economic stabilisation in japan an germany

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4
Q

who is Ikeda?

A

*prime minister of japan 1960-64
*worked with dodge to bring down inflation
minster

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5
Q

Who is Yoshida?

A

*focussed on japans recovery as prime minister from 1946
*accepted USA protection for japan

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5
Q

what is phase one of the japanese recovery?

A

punish and reform 1945-47

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6
Q

explain the punishment and reform of japan…

A

*to demiliterise japan
*ban military leaders
*reduce power of rich land owners
*promoting more rights for women
*new constitutional government

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7
Q

what is phase two of japans recovery?

A

reverse course

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8
Q

explain reverse course for japan?

A

*new economic recovery
*korean war provided natural resources
*balanced budget of $14mil a year

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9
Q

explain treaty phase of japan…

A

*formal peace treaty to end war
*wants to restore japans sovereignity
*terminated military occupation (but usa could keep bases in okinawa)
*give up teritories in china
*only buisness with republic of china NOT PRC

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10
Q

what is phase three?

A

treaty phase

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11
Q

san fransisco treaty 1951…

A

*52 nations met NOT USSR
*returned japan to sovereignity

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12
Q

explain KMT…

A

*national party of china
*forced to flee to taiwan during civil war
*led by Chiang kai-shek

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13
Q

who is Chiang kai-shek ?

A

*leader of KMT
*previously sided with communists in china 1920s
*guranteed taiwans security-agreement with USA

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14
Q

mao zedong…

A

*leader of red army in china
*signed sino-soviet treaty feb 14th 1950 with USSR

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14
Q

CCP…

A

*communist party founded in shanghai
*KMT brutally suppressed them in 1920s
*succesfully beat KMT(fled to taiwan)

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15
Q

Chinese Civil war 1947-49…

A

*communists most likely to win as more support
*communists had military weapons in manchuria
*corruption of kmt led to unpopularity

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16
Q

Communist shift in power 1947…

A

*KMT 5mil military BUT CCP more support
*communists used guerilla tactics
Truman sent $300mil to help KMT army

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17
Q

USA support in china and the china white paper…

A

*didnt want to e blamed for loss of china
*sent military and financial aid
* white paper explained that US policy toward was based that ONLY chinese forces could determine an outcome

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18
Q

Why did the china white paper fail?

A

failed as they had been charged with loosing china to communism

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18
Q

explain ROC…

A

ROC
*led by chiang kai-shek
*used to controll ALL china till civil war
*1949 onwards controlled Taiwan

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19
Q

explain PRC…

A

PRC
*communist led gov
*mao zedong leader
*1949 onward controlled mainland china

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20
Q

Who is Dean Acheson?

A

*us secretary of state
*ensures US intrests in containing communism

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21
Q

explain the DPS…

Study These Flashcards
A

jan 1950
*usa protecting intrest in asia
*prevent communist spread asia
*defensive military line

22
explain NSC-68...
Document recommending increase in military spending to help contain communism
23
background to korean war...
*us and soviet troops move in *split among 38th paralell *split into north and south *
24
who led north korea?
kim il sung
25
who led south korea?
sygman rhee
26
role of usa in korean war...
*wanted reunification under Rhee *excluded korea from DPS *pressured to help after loosing china
27
role of ussr in korean war...
*wanted reunification under kim *boycotted the un in 1948 as didnt achieve *security threat as shared a border *feared involvement as of usa intervention
28
role of china in korean war...
*sent 300,000 troops supporting North Korea
29
role of the UN on korean war...
*elections held in south korea *hprovided $10.2 mil light military aid
30
how many men in rhee's army ?
98,000
31
how many men in kim's army?
135,000
32
explain phase 1 of korean war..
*north korea cross the 38th parallel and capture Seoul *UN forces pushed back to busan *us support air aid
33
explain phase 2 of korean war...
*mccarthur and forces land at inchan *free seoul and reinstate rhee as leader *china sends 300,000 troops 1.2 mil chinese forces by 1952
34
explain phase 3 of korean war...
*dec 1950 mccarthur said usa considering atomic bomb *chinese forces recapture seoul *china seen as threat to UN *Mccarthur fired for being too agresseive
35
explain phase 4 of korean war...
*stalemate reached by july 1953 *peace talks dragged through 51-53
36
the peace settlement after korean war...
*demiliterised within 2km of either side of parallel *withdrawl of ALL military forces
37
HUAC...
House of Un American Activities *investigating communism in US *under us government
38
McCarthyism background...
*chinas fall to communism 1949 *1949 ussr atomic bomb *1950 sino-soviet alliance monolithic communism threat
39
The Hollywood 10
*group of screenwriters accused of communism *fined ,jailed and blacklistetd till 60s *failure to cooperate with HUAC
40
Hiss Case...
*jan 1950 convicted of perjury (lying in court) *previous member of DR gov *accused of passing info to soviets *5 years prison
41
Indochina under french controll...
*economic interests colony *exploitated the natives high taxes *industriaisation of vietnam
42
indochina under japanese...
*1941-45 *exploitated land and resources *invaded and took over after french
43
Ho chi minh...
*communist leader of north vietnam *symbol of vietnam independence *led vietminh with guerilla warfare
44
Bao Dai...
*(puppet to japanese) emperor of vietnam *unpopular as allowed france and japan controll vietnam *anti communist
45
Geneva confrence and vietnam...
*france withdrew and ceasfire agreed *temporary divide 17th parallel
46
who led north vietnam?
ho chi minh
47
who led south vietnam?
bao dai BUT diem had real power
48
Diem...
*served as prime minister under dai *made himself president of south vietnam
49
Truman..
*democrat *president 45-53 *containment policy *shift to asia
50
Eisenhower…
*republican *ended Korean War *less emphasis on conventional military forces and more nuclear weapons *nuclear umbrella for allies to prevent soviet aggression
51
SEATO..
South East Asian treaty organisation *September 1954 *colective defense treaty after ussr and China got closer
52
Re emergence of the FRG…
*adenauer (chancellor) wanted unification to western powers for strength *restores FRGs sovereignty in may 1952 *HAD TO GIVE UP NUCLEAR WEAPONS
53
Define “more bang for the buck”
Eisenhower investing more money just to nuclear weapons rather than conventional military force
54
Why was new look adapted ?
*berlin blockade 1948 closer to war *ussr developing nuclear weapons *mccarthy pressure on government *korean war shift to Asia *arms race continue
55
Limitations of new look policy…
*did nothing to roll back communism * respected the Sovereignty of both Korea after 1953 *massive retaliation unpopular as could lead to nuclear war *both USA and ussr had hydrogen bombs

Cold War (3 decks)

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