Wilm's tumour

Question 1

What is a Wilms’ tumour and what age does it affect?

Answer 1

A specific type of tumour affecting the kidney in children, typically under the age of 5.

Question 2

When is Wilms’ tumour considered?

Answer 2

A child under the age of 5 presenting with a mass in the abdomen.

Question 3

What signs and symptoms may be present in Wilms’ tumour?

Answer 3

Abdominal pain, haematuria, lethargy, fever, hypertension, weight loss.

Question 4

What investigations and diagnosis are used for Wilms’ tumour?

Answer 4

USS of the abdomen to visualise the kidneys, CT or MRI scan to stage the tumour, biopsy to identify the histology needed for a definite diagnosis.

Question 5

What is the management for Wilms’ tumour?

Answer 5

Surgical excision of the tumour along with the affected kidney (nephrectomy) and adjuvant therapy.

Question 6

What is adjuvant treatment?

Answer 6

Treatment that’s given after the initial management with surgery. It depends on the stage of the disease, the histology, and if it’s spread. Main options include adjuvant chemo or adjuvant radiotherapy.