Winemaking

Question 1

What processes must happen in dry white wine making?

Answer 1

Grapes are pressed

Skins removed from press juice

Alcoholic fermentation

Rack off gross lees

Newly made wine is packaged and sold

Question 2

What are the main ways for sweet wine to be made?

Answer 2

Stopping the Fermentation (fortified wines)

Adding a sweetened component (Sussreserve)

Concentrating grape sugars

• noble rot (Sauternes, Tokaji, etc.)
• drying grapes on vine (late harvest)
• drying grapes after picking (Recioto)
• freezing grapes on the vine (Eiswein)

Question 3

Cap management techniques for red wine

Answer 3

Punching down

Pumping over

Rack and return

Rotary fermenters

Question 4

Red wine fermentation temp range

Answer 4

20-32°C

Question 5

Full process for carbonic maceration

Answer 5

Sorting

Whole bunches covered in SO2

Carbonic maceration

Drain and press - remove skins

Fermentation + Malolactic fermentation

New wine - potential blending

Clarification & Stabilisation

Question 6

3 ways to make rosé wine

Answer 6

Direct pressing

Short maceration

Blending - red and white (only in champagne)