Winterm Test Hum Flashcards
Lincolns reconstruction plan
- 10% plan
- pardon offered to southern states with 10% of voters taking allegations
- quick regeneration for southern states
- leniency towards defeated south
Wade-Davis Bill
- a more radical alternative to lincolns plan
- required majority oath to be let back into the union
- pocket vetoed by Lincoln
The Confederacy cant have its own military
Black Codes
- laws in southern states that restricted black rights
- aimed at controlling and limiting social experiences
- lead to more civil right struggles
13th amendment
- ratified in 1865, abolished slavery
- except for the punishment of crimes
civil rights act of 1866
-Passed over Johnson’s veto, granting equal rights to all citizens.
- First federal law to define citizenship and affirm that - all citizens are equally protected by the law.
Laid the foundation for the 14th Amendment.
freedman bureau
-Established in 1865 to assist newly freed African Americans.
- Provided education, medical care, and other forms of support.
- Was supposed to last a year, but nothing was happening so they extended it to 2 years
johnsons reconstruction plan
- Implemented by President Andrew Johnson after Lincoln’s assassination
- Similar to Lincoln’s plan but with additional requirements
- led to conflicts with the Republican-controlled Congress
15th amendment
- 1870, prohibited denial of voting rights based on race.
-Extended voting rights to African American men.
-A critical step toward universal suffrage.
14th amendment
-1868, granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.
-civil rights and equal protection for all citizens.
-response to concerns about Southern states undermining the rights of freed slaves.
Enforcement Act of 1870
-Also known as the Force Act, aimed at combating violence by white supremacist groups.
-Empowered the federal government to enforce the 15th Amendment.
-Demonstrated the federal government’s commitment to protecting the rights of African Americans in the South.
slaughterhouse acts
-After 14th amendment was ratified
-Led to monopoly
-People complained that it was against 13th and 14th
-National vs State Rights
-National does not protect state so no rights could be enforced
-Court ruled in favor of monopoly
-Balance of power federal vs state
Civil rights case
-Gitlow was born in US
-Made threats against state and US but never specified time and date
-It was deemed constitutional as freedom of speech in 1st amendment
-He made books abt it
-Liberty in terms of 14th and how far liberty extends
-He was convicted in the end for dangerous tendencies
-Directly inciting violence is not constitutional and is hate speech
carpetbaggers + skalawags
Carpetbaggers:
- Northerners who migrated to the South after the Civil War.
- Often seen as opportunists, seeking economic or political gains.
- Frequently targeted by Southerners who resented their influence.
Scalawags:
- Southern whites who aligned with the Republican - Party during Reconstruction.
- Viewed by some Southerners as traitors to their region.
- Played roles in Southern governments advocating for Reconstruction policies.
sharecropping
- Post-Civil War agricultural system in the South.
- Landowners provided land, tools, and seeds to laborers in exchange for a share of the crop.
- Trapped many farmers in cycles of debt and poverty.
crop lien system
- Credit system where farmers used future crops as collateral for loans.
- Contributed to the economic struggles of Southern farmers, especially sharecroppers.
- Reinforced a cycle of debt and dependency.
